Understanding the Relationship Between Youth Voluntary Organization, Leadership and Intergroup Relationship in Sabah, Malaysia
Keywords:
leadership, youth development, Sabah, volunteerism
Abstract
If the youth voluntary associations’ common goals are to be achieved, their leaders must embrace leadership ethics that are the most effective in leading and motivating people to actively execute their job. In carrying out their leadership role, it is also important to note that the leaders always required considering the role played by the factor calls intergroup relations. Accordingly, based on literature as well as documents review, this paper briefly discusses the importance of understanding the relationship between leadership ethics and intergroup relations in effort to consolidating youth development in Sabah. The paper thus shows that leadership ethics is a key determining factor in the attainment of youth voluntary common goals with consideration of intergroup relationship factor within the organization. Nevertheless, it is argued that a further study to be done for clarification on this matter.
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References
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Ationg, R., Esa, M.S., Ibrahim, M.A., Shah, M.K.M., Yusoff, M.S., Othman, I.W. & Mokhtar, S. (2021). Trends, Potential and Challenges of HLI’s Leadership During Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 11-17.
Bartlett, W.H. & Bridges, B. (1957). Annals of the American. USA: American Academy of Political and Social Sciences.
Bass, B.M. & Avolio, B.J. (1995). MLQ Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire for Research: Premission Set. Redwood City, CA: Mindgarden.
Bass, B.M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19-31.
Bennis, W. (2000). Leaders: The Strategies for Taking Charge. New York, NY: Addison-Wesley.
Chigunta, I. (2002). The socioeconomic situation of youth in Africa: Problem, prospects and option. The socioeconomic situation of youth in Africa, July.
Crisp, R.J. & Turner, R.N. (2009). Can imagined interactions produce positive perceptions? Reducing prejudice through simulated social contact. American Psychologist, 64(4), 231-240.
Cummins, R. (1998). Leadership for Volunteers: The way it is and the way it could be. Extension Journal, 36(5), October.
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Duguid, F., Slade, B. & Schugurensky, D. (2006). Unpaid work, informal learning and volunteer cultures. Paper presented at the 36th annual SCUTERA conference, 4-6 July 2006, Trinity and All Saints College, Leeds.
Duemer, L.S., Christopher, M., Hardin, E. & Olibas, L. (2004). Case study of characteristics of effective leadership in graduate student collaborative work. Education Chula Vista, 124, 721-726.
Eischer, V. (2010). Friend of foe? Value preferences and the association between intergroup relations and out-group attitudes and perception. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Fakultät der Universität, Freiburg (Schweiz).
Emmet C.M. & Murphy, M.A. (2005). Leading on the Edge of Chaos. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.
Esa, M.S., Ationg, R., Ibrahim, M.A., Othman, I.W., Muis, A.M.R.A., Zulhaimi, N.A. & Muda, N. (2021). Elemen Kepimpinan Dalam Kursus Teras Universiti: Kajian Kes Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 18-29.
Esa, M.S., Ationg, R., Othman, I.W., Majumah, A.S.A.R., Bakar, A.L.A., Shah, M.K.M. & Yusoff, M.S. (2021). Gaya Kepimpinan Tun Razak Menjana Aspirasi Celik Minda Politik Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Di Malaysia. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 30 - 44.
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. & McKee, A. (2007). The New Leaders. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press.
Grzesiak-Feldman, M. (2007). conspiract thinking and state-trait anxiety in young Polish adults. Psychological Reports, 100(1), 199-202.
Haywood, M.E. & Wygal, D.E. (2009). Ethics and professionalism: Bringing the topic to life in the classroom. Journal of Accounting Education, 27(2), 71-84.
Ibrahim, M.A., Ationg, R., Esa, M.S., Muis, A.M.R.A., Othman, I.W., Yusoff, M.S. & Mokhtar, S. (2021). Pengetahuan Terhadap Ilmu Perlembagaan, Undang-Undang Dan Rukun Negara Dalam Konteks Kepimpinan: Kajian Kes Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 45 - 59.
Jackson, S.E., Joshi, A. & Erhardt, N.L. (2003). Recent research on team and Organizational diversity: SWOT analysis and implications. Journal of Management, 29(6), 801-830.
Jung, D.I. & Sosik, J.J. (2002). Transformational leadership in work groups: The role of empowerment, cohesiveness and collective efficacy on perceived group performance. Small Group Research, 33, 313-336.
Kankainen, T. (2009). Voluntary associations and trust in Finland. Research on Finnish Society, 2, 5-7.
Krueger, J.I., Hall, J.H., Villiano, P. & Jones, M.C. (2008). Attribution and categorization effects in the representation of gender stereotypes. Group Process and Intergroup Relations, 11(3), 401-414.
Liu, J.H. (2010). A Cultural perspective on intergroup relations and social identity. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology. Retrieved from http://orpc.iaccp.org/index.php.
Liu, J.H. (2004). A cultural perspective on intergroup relations and social identity. Center for Cross-Cultural Research, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington USA. Retrieved from http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~culture/liu.htm.
Lee, K. S. (2002). Building intergroup relations after September 11. Analysis of Social Issues and Public Policy, 131-141.
McBride, A.M., Olate, R. & Johnson, L. (2008). Youth volunteer services in Latin America and Caribbean: A regional assessment (CSD Research Report RP 08-05). St. Louis: Centre for social development, Washington University.
Medonca, M. & Kanungo, R.N. (2007). Ethical Leadership. New York: Open University Press.
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Renesch, J. (1994). Leadership in a New Era: Visionary Approaches to the Biggest Crisis of Our Time. San Francisco: New Leaders Press.
Renesch, J. (2001). Conscious Leadership: Taking Responsibility for Our Better Future. LOHAS Weekly Newsletter, March 1.
Resick, C.J., Hanges, P.J., Dickson, M.W. & Mitchelson, J.K. (2006). A cross-cultural examination of the endorsement of ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 63, 345-359.
Ruiz, P., Ruiz, C. & Martinez, R. (2011). Improving the “leader-follower” relationship: Top manager or supervisor? The ethical leadership trickle-down effect on follower job response. Journal of Business Ethics, 99(4), 587–608.
Sheepers, D., Spears, R. Doosje, B. & Manstead, A.S.R. (2003). Two function of verbal intergroup discrimination: identity and instrumental motives as aresult of group identification and treat. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 568-577.
Silverthorne, C. (2001). A test of the Path-Goal Leadership Theory in Taiwan. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 22(4), 151-158.
Siti Raba’ah Hamzah (2005). Sustainability of youth organizations and the role of leaders as agent of change. Unpublished Thesis for Master of Science, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Sabah (2007). Year Book of Statistic, 2006. Kota Kinabalu: Department of Statistics, Sabah.
Surjit Singh, U.S, Sail, R.M., Abu Samah, B., Tajuddin Shah, R.A. & Lumayag, L.L. (2005a). Encouraging voluntary work among public service retiree: How policy intervention can help. Pertanika, Journal of Social Science and Humanituies, 13(2), 219-230.
Surjit Singh, U.S, Sail, R.M., Abu Samah, B., Tajuddin Shah, R.A. & Lumayag, L.L. (2005b). To volunteer or not to volunteer: The case of Malaysian public service retirees. Pertanika, Journal of Social Science and Humanituies, 13(2), 199-209.
Texeira, C.P., Demoulin, S. & Yzerbyt, V.Y. (2011). Choosing the best means to an end: The influence of ingroup goals on the selection of represantatives in intergroup negotiations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 228-234.
Toscano, R. (1999). The face of the other: Ethics and intergroup relations. In Wadlow, R.V.L. (ed.). The Handbook of interethnic coexistence. New York, NY: Continuum.
Trevino, L.K., Brown, M. & Hartman, L.P. (2003). A qualitative investigation of perceived executive ethical leadership: Perceptions from inside and outside the executive suite. Human Relations, 56(1), 5-37.
Valentine, S. R. (2001). A path analysis of gender, race, and job complexity as determinants of intention to look for work. Employee Relations, 23(2), 130-138.
Watts, T. (2008). Business Leaders’ Values and Beliefs Regarding Decision Making Ethics. Los Angeles, CA: LULU.
Winston, M. D. (2005). Ethical leadership: Professional challenges and the role of LIS education. New Library World, 106(5), 234–243.
Winston, M. D. (2007). Ethical leadership and ethical decision making: A meta-analysis of research related to ethics education. Library & Information Sciences Research, 29(2), 230-251.
----------(2010). European Commission Youth. Estonia: Viljandi, YMCA
Argyris, C. (1976) Increasing Leadership Effectiveness, New York, NY: Willey.
Ationg, R., Esa, M., Ibrahim, M. & Muis, A.M.R.A (2020). Menyingkap polemik peralihan kuasa secara luar biasa mengikut perspektif demokrasi berparlimen. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(11), 43 - 53.
Ationg, R. (2001). Keberkesanan kepimpinan tempatan dalam aktviti pembangunan desa di daerah Kudat. Unpublished Master Thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
Ationg, R., Zulhaimi, N.A., Ibrahim, M.A. & Hashim, J. (2018). Leaders’ animosity and leaders’ enviousness: An analysis on factor associated with the growing tense ethnic relations in Sabah, Malaysia. Journal of Advanced Research in Social and Behavioral Sciences, 11(1), 75-81.
Ationg, R., Othman, I.W., Esa, M.S., Tamring, B.A.M., Hajimin, M.N.H.H. & Hamid, J.A. (2021). Etika Kepemimpinan untuk Pembangunan Mapan Persatuan Belia Sukarela di Malaysia. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 6(23), 171-185.
Ationg, R., Esa, M.S., Othman, I.W., Shah, M.K.M., Yusoff, M.S., Ramlie, H. & Mokhtar, S. (2021). Understanding the Challenges and the Opportunities Associated with Leadership Development for Students of Higher Learning Institution in Sabah, Malaysia. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 6(39), 127-136.
Ationg, R., Majumah, A.S.A.R., Bakar, A.L.A., Zulhaimi, N.A., Muda, N., Othman, I.W. & Muis, A.M.R.A. (2021). Memahami Kepemimpinan Sebagai Elemen Penting Dalam Sektor Pendidikan Berasaskan Tinjauan Literatur. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 1-10.
Ationg, R., Esa, M.S., Ibrahim, M.A., Shah, M.K.M., Yusoff, M.S., Othman, I.W. & Mokhtar, S. (2021). Trends, Potential and Challenges of HLI’s Leadership During Covid-19 Pandemic. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 11-17.
Bartlett, W.H. & Bridges, B. (1957). Annals of the American. USA: American Academy of Political and Social Sciences.
Bass, B.M. & Avolio, B.J. (1995). MLQ Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire for Research: Premission Set. Redwood City, CA: Mindgarden.
Bass, B.M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19-31.
Bennis, W. (2000). Leaders: The Strategies for Taking Charge. New York, NY: Addison-Wesley.
Chigunta, I. (2002). The socioeconomic situation of youth in Africa: Problem, prospects and option. The socioeconomic situation of youth in Africa, July.
Crisp, R.J. & Turner, R.N. (2009). Can imagined interactions produce positive perceptions? Reducing prejudice through simulated social contact. American Psychologist, 64(4), 231-240.
Cummins, R. (1998). Leadership for Volunteers: The way it is and the way it could be. Extension Journal, 36(5), October.
Daily Express (2011). RM10.5mil to fund activities of youths in Sabah. Daily Express, Friday, 29th April, 2011, page 7.
Department of Statistics, Sabah (2009). Yearbook of Statistics, Sabah, 2009. Kota Kinabalu: Department of Statistics, Sabah, Malaysia.
Department of Statistics, Malaysia (2009). Statistics Handbook, Malaysia, 2009. Putrajaya: Department of Statistics, Malaysia.
Dirks, K.T. & Ferrin, D.L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 611- 628.
Duguid, F., Slade, B. & Schugurensky, D. (2006). Unpaid work, informal learning and volunteer cultures. Paper presented at the 36th annual SCUTERA conference, 4-6 July 2006, Trinity and All Saints College, Leeds.
Duemer, L.S., Christopher, M., Hardin, E. & Olibas, L. (2004). Case study of characteristics of effective leadership in graduate student collaborative work. Education Chula Vista, 124, 721-726.
Eischer, V. (2010). Friend of foe? Value preferences and the association between intergroup relations and out-group attitudes and perception. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, Fakultät der Universität, Freiburg (Schweiz).
Emmet C.M. & Murphy, M.A. (2005). Leading on the Edge of Chaos. New York: Prentice Hall Inc.
Esa, M.S., Ationg, R., Ibrahim, M.A., Othman, I.W., Muis, A.M.R.A., Zulhaimi, N.A. & Muda, N. (2021). Elemen Kepimpinan Dalam Kursus Teras Universiti: Kajian Kes Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 18-29.
Esa, M.S., Ationg, R., Othman, I.W., Majumah, A.S.A.R., Bakar, A.L.A., Shah, M.K.M. & Yusoff, M.S. (2021). Gaya Kepimpinan Tun Razak Menjana Aspirasi Celik Minda Politik Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Di Malaysia. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 30 - 44.
Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R. & McKee, A. (2007). The New Leaders. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press.
Grzesiak-Feldman, M. (2007). conspiract thinking and state-trait anxiety in young Polish adults. Psychological Reports, 100(1), 199-202.
Haywood, M.E. & Wygal, D.E. (2009). Ethics and professionalism: Bringing the topic to life in the classroom. Journal of Accounting Education, 27(2), 71-84.
Ibrahim, M.A., Ationg, R., Esa, M.S., Muis, A.M.R.A., Othman, I.W., Yusoff, M.S. & Mokhtar, S. (2021). Pengetahuan Terhadap Ilmu Perlembagaan, Undang-Undang Dan Rukun Negara Dalam Konteks Kepimpinan: Kajian Kes Pelajar Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development (JISED), 6(38), 45 - 59.
Jackson, S.E., Joshi, A. & Erhardt, N.L. (2003). Recent research on team and Organizational diversity: SWOT analysis and implications. Journal of Management, 29(6), 801-830.
Jung, D.I. & Sosik, J.J. (2002). Transformational leadership in work groups: The role of empowerment, cohesiveness and collective efficacy on perceived group performance. Small Group Research, 33, 313-336.
Kankainen, T. (2009). Voluntary associations and trust in Finland. Research on Finnish Society, 2, 5-7.
Krueger, J.I., Hall, J.H., Villiano, P. & Jones, M.C. (2008). Attribution and categorization effects in the representation of gender stereotypes. Group Process and Intergroup Relations, 11(3), 401-414.
Liu, J.H. (2010). A Cultural perspective on intergroup relations and social identity. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology. Retrieved from http://orpc.iaccp.org/index.php.
Liu, J.H. (2004). A cultural perspective on intergroup relations and social identity. Center for Cross-Cultural Research, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington USA. Retrieved from http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~culture/liu.htm.
Lee, K. S. (2002). Building intergroup relations after September 11. Analysis of Social Issues and Public Policy, 131-141.
McBride, A.M., Olate, R. & Johnson, L. (2008). Youth volunteer services in Latin America and Caribbean: A regional assessment (CSD Research Report RP 08-05). St. Louis: Centre for social development, Washington University.
Medonca, M. & Kanungo, R.N. (2007). Ethical Leadership. New York: Open University Press.
Ministry of Youth and Sport, Malaysia (2006). Akta Pertubuhan Belia dan Pembangunan Belia 2006. Putrajaya: Kementerian Belia dan Sukan Malaysia.
Renesch, J. (1994). Leadership in a New Era: Visionary Approaches to the Biggest Crisis of Our Time. San Francisco: New Leaders Press.
Renesch, J. (2001). Conscious Leadership: Taking Responsibility for Our Better Future. LOHAS Weekly Newsletter, March 1.
Resick, C.J., Hanges, P.J., Dickson, M.W. & Mitchelson, J.K. (2006). A cross-cultural examination of the endorsement of ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 63, 345-359.
Ruiz, P., Ruiz, C. & Martinez, R. (2011). Improving the “leader-follower” relationship: Top manager or supervisor? The ethical leadership trickle-down effect on follower job response. Journal of Business Ethics, 99(4), 587–608.
Sheepers, D., Spears, R. Doosje, B. & Manstead, A.S.R. (2003). Two function of verbal intergroup discrimination: identity and instrumental motives as aresult of group identification and treat. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 568-577.
Silverthorne, C. (2001). A test of the Path-Goal Leadership Theory in Taiwan. Leadership & Organizational Development Journal, 22(4), 151-158.
Siti Raba’ah Hamzah (2005). Sustainability of youth organizations and the role of leaders as agent of change. Unpublished Thesis for Master of Science, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Sabah (2007). Year Book of Statistic, 2006. Kota Kinabalu: Department of Statistics, Sabah.
Surjit Singh, U.S, Sail, R.M., Abu Samah, B., Tajuddin Shah, R.A. & Lumayag, L.L. (2005a). Encouraging voluntary work among public service retiree: How policy intervention can help. Pertanika, Journal of Social Science and Humanituies, 13(2), 219-230.
Surjit Singh, U.S, Sail, R.M., Abu Samah, B., Tajuddin Shah, R.A. & Lumayag, L.L. (2005b). To volunteer or not to volunteer: The case of Malaysian public service retirees. Pertanika, Journal of Social Science and Humanituies, 13(2), 199-209.
Texeira, C.P., Demoulin, S. & Yzerbyt, V.Y. (2011). Choosing the best means to an end: The influence of ingroup goals on the selection of represantatives in intergroup negotiations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 228-234.
Toscano, R. (1999). The face of the other: Ethics and intergroup relations. In Wadlow, R.V.L. (ed.). The Handbook of interethnic coexistence. New York, NY: Continuum.
Trevino, L.K., Brown, M. & Hartman, L.P. (2003). A qualitative investigation of perceived executive ethical leadership: Perceptions from inside and outside the executive suite. Human Relations, 56(1), 5-37.
Valentine, S. R. (2001). A path analysis of gender, race, and job complexity as determinants of intention to look for work. Employee Relations, 23(2), 130-138.
Watts, T. (2008). Business Leaders’ Values and Beliefs Regarding Decision Making Ethics. Los Angeles, CA: LULU.
Winston, M. D. (2005). Ethical leadership: Professional challenges and the role of LIS education. New Library World, 106(5), 234–243.
Winston, M. D. (2007). Ethical leadership and ethical decision making: A meta-analysis of research related to ethics education. Library & Information Sciences Research, 29(2), 230-251.
----------(2010). European Commission Youth. Estonia: Viljandi, YMCA
Published
2021-08-10
How to Cite
Esa, M. S., Ationg, R., Ibrahim, M. A., Abang Muis, A. M. R., Othman, I. W. and Abdullah, S. (2021) “Understanding the Relationship Between Youth Voluntary Organization, Leadership and Intergroup Relationship in Sabah, Malaysia”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(8), pp. 492 - 500. doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v6i8.929.
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