Pendidikan Inklusif Semasa Krisis COVID-19: Persepsi Guru Terhadap Pelaksanaannya untuk Murid Berkeperluan Khas Pendengaran
Abstract
Kehadiran pandemik COVID-19 ini membawa kepada peningkatan pelbagai ketidaksamarataan di dalam sektor pendidikan bagi individu kurang upaya. Murid bermasalah pendengaran yang mendapatkan pendidikan inklusif terutamanya adalah lebih berisiko dikecualikan daripada mendapatkan pendidikan sama rata disebabkan oleh halangan yang wujud semasa pandemik ini. Kaedah pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam talian semasa fasa pandemik yang dilihat sebagai alternatif bagi pendidikan yang berterusan, mempunyai isu yang tersendiri daripada segi aksesibilitinya yang terhad dan tidak sama rata. Tambahan pula, polisi-polisi yang berkaitan pengawalan penularan wabak COVID-19 seperti penjarakan fizikal dan pemakaian pelitup muka juga mengubah sedikit sebanyak lanskap pembelajaran bagi Murid Berkeperluan Khas Pendengaran (MBKP) pasca pandemik. Sebuah kajian telah dijalankan di dua buah sekolah rendah, melibatkan temubual dengan guru inklusif yang terdiri daripada dua orang guru penolong kanan khas, dua orang guru pendidikan khas pendengaran dan dua orang guru aliran perdana di negeri Perak, dan menjawab persoalan kajian: ‘Apakah persepsi guru inklusif terhadap pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif MBKP pada era COVID-19?’. Hasil kajian mendapati persepsi guru inklusif terhadap pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif dalam situasi COVID-19 ini berkait rapat dengan: i) pengetahuan dan pengalaman guru inklusif, ii) peranan dan tanggungjawab guru inklusif, iii) penerimaan guru inklusif terhadap pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif dan iv) sokongan dan bantuan yang diterima guru inklusif. Kajian ini turut membincangkan bagaimana setiap aspek yang dikenalpasti tersebut terkait di antara satu sama lain dan bagaimana ia memberi implikasi kepada proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran inklusif MBKP.
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