Sorotan Literatur Bersistematik: Aktiviti Pemikiran Komputasional dalam Pendidikan di Malaysia
Abstract
Kajian semasa bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti jenis aktiviti pemikiran komputasional yang digunakan dalam pendidikan di Malaysia. Metodologi kajian berdasarkan pernyataan PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) digunakan untuk kaedah tinjauan yang menggunakan pangkalan data utama iaitu Scopus dan Web of Science. Pencarian menyeluruh dalam pangkalan data elektronik terungkap 19 kajian mengenai pemikiran komputasional yang diterbitkan antara Jan 2010 hingga Julai 2020 di Malaysia berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang telah ditetapkan. Tinjauan terhadap artikel-artikel ini menunjukkan terdapat 19 aktiviti pemikiran komputasional yang dilakukan dalam konteks kajian di Malaysia. Aktiviti pengaturcaraan (programming) dikenal pasti sebagai aktiviti yang banyak dilakukan berbanding aktiviti robotik, LED (light emitting diode), gamifikasi, kad bergambar haiwan, modul pengajaran, amalan pembelajaran dan pengajaran, serta soal selidik. Manakala, tahap pendidikan yang mengintegrasikan pemikiran komputasional pula secara umumnya merangkumi golongan pelajar pra sekolah, pelajar sekolah rendah, pelajar sekolah menengah, pelajar universiti, guru, pensyarah, warga media sosial, dan warga emas. Kajian-kajian ini disintesis bergantung pada sebilangan ciri umum, seperti bagaimana mereka melakukan aktiviti pemikiran komputasional, tahap pendidikan, dan potensi sumbangan pemikiran komputasional khususnya kepada pelajar. Beberapa cadangan masa depan untuk sarjana diberikan pada akhir kajian ini.
Downloads
References
Aliyu, M.B. (2017). Efficiency of Boolean search strings for Information retrieval. American Journal of Engineering Research, 6(11), 216-222. Retrieved from www.ajer.org
Angeli, C., Voogt, J., Fluck, A., Webb, M., Cox, M., Malyn-Smith, J., & Zagami, J. (2016). A K-6 computational thinking curriculum framework: Implications for teacher knowledge. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 19(3), 47-57.
Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum. (2015). Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Menengah (KSSM): Dokumen Standard Kurikulum dan Pentaksiran (DSKP) Sains Komputer Tingkatan Empat. Putrajaya. http://bpk.moe.gov.my/index.php/terbitan-bpk/kurikulum-sekolah-menengah/category/17-dskp-tingkatan-4?download=1090:sains-komputer-tingkatan-4.
Bers, M. U. (2020). Coding as a playground: Programming and computational thinking in the early childhood classroom. Routledge.
Bers, M. U., Flannery, L., Kazakoff, E. R., & Sullivan, A. (2014). Computational thinking and tinkering: Exploration of an early childhood robotics curriculum. Computers & Education, 72, 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2013.10.020
Bers, M. U. (2010). The TangibleK Robotics program: Applied computational thinking for young children. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 12(2). Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ910910
Chalmers, C. (2018). Robotics and computational thinking in primary school. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 17, 93–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2018.06.005
Chong, B., & Wong, R. (2019). Transforming the Quality of Workforce in the Textile and Apparel Industry Through Computational Thinking Education. In Computational Thinking Education (pp. 261-275). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6528-7_15.
Curzon, P. (2013). Cs4fn and computational thinking unplugged. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 47–50). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/2532748.2611263
de Paula, B. H., Burn, A., Noss, R., & Valente, J. A. (2018). Playing Beowulf: Bridging computational thinking, arts and literature through game-making. International Journal of Child-Computer Interaction, 16, 39–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcci.2017.11.003
Erni Marlina Saari. (2014). Motivation for Trainee Teachers: Non-Computing Background Learn Action Script. In International Journal of Computer and Information Technology, Vol. 3(1), 133-138. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301219827_Motivation_for_Trainee_Teachers_Non-Computing_Background_Learn_Action_Script
Falloon, G. (2016). An analysis of young students’ thinking when completing basic coding tasks using Scratch Jnr. On the iPad. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 32(6), 576–593. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12155
Falloon, G. (2015). Building computational thinking through programming in K-6 education: A New Zealand experience. In EDULEARN15 Conference (pp. 882-892). IATED Academy. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10289/9455
Fayer, S., Lacey, A., & Watson, A. (2017). STEM Occupations: Past, present, and future. Spotlight on Statistics, US Bureau of Labor Statistics, (January), 1–35. Retrieved from https://www.bls.gov/spotlight/2017/science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-occupations-past-present-and-future/pdf/science-technology-engineering-and-mathematics-stem-occupations-past-present-and-future.pdf
Felicia, A., Sha’rif, S., Wong, W., & Mariappan, M. (2017). Computational Thinking and Tinkering: Exploration Study of Primary School Students’ in Robotic and Graphical Programming. Asian Journal of Assessment in Teaching and Learning, 7, 44–54. https://doi.org/10.37134/ajatel.vol7.5.2017
Frey, C. B., & Osborne, M. A. (2017). The future of employment: How susceptible are jobs to computerisation?. Technological forecasting and social change, 114, 254-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.08.019
García-Peñalvo, F. J., & Mendes, A. J. (2018, March 1). Exploring the computational thinking effects in pre-university education. Computers in Human Behavior. Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.12.005
Hassan, H., Adnan, A., Poh, L. G., & Hashim, M. S. M. (2018). USING SCRATCH PROGRAMMING TO ENGAGE PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS IN COMPUTATIONAL THINKING. Jurnal Penyelidikan Tempawan Jilid XXXV, 49. Retrieved from http://tempawan.ipgkik.edu.my/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/4_2018.pdf
Jack, L. P., Khamis, N., Salimun, C., Nizam, D. M., Haslinda, Z., & Baharum, A. (2019). Learn programming framework for malaysian preschoolers. International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering, 8(1.6 Special Issue), 431–436. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2019/6281.62019
Kafai, Y. B. (2016). From computational thinking to computational participation in K--12 education. Communications of the ACM, 59(8), 26-27. https://doi.org/10.1145/2955114
Kazakoff, E. R., Sullivan, A., & Bers, M. U. (2013). The effect of a classroom-based intensive robotics and programming workshop on sequencing ability in early childhood. Early Childhood Education Journal, 41(4), 245-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-012-0554-5
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM). (2019). Teks ucapan ucaptama dan majlis perasmian YB Dr. Maszlee Malik menteri pendidikan sempena kolokium pendidikan Revolusi Industri 4.0. Kolokium Pendidikan Revolusi Industri 4.0, 23(3), 6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1477753
Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele University,UK and National ICT Australia, 33, 28. https://doi.org/10.1.1.122.3308
Kumar K., Zindani D., and Davim J.P. (2020) Digital Thinking in Education. In: Design Thinking to Digital Thinking. SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31359-3_5
Lee, C. S., & Ooi, E. H. (2020). Design to Encourage Reframing and Transformations through Digital Story telling and Analogical Thinking. International Journal, 9(1.3). https://doi.org/10.30534/ijatcse/2020/0991.32020
Lee, C. S., & Wong, K. D. (2017). Developing community-based engagement in smart cities: A design-computational thinking approach. In IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (Vol. 2017-December, pp. 832–836). IEEE Computer Society. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290008
Ling, U. L., Saibin, T. C., Labadin, J., & Aziz, N. A. (2019). Assessing Malaysian Teachers’ Perception on Computational Thinking Concepts Using SEM. In Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computing, Mathematics and Statistics (iCMS2017) (pp. 513-519). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7279-7_64
WEF. (2018). The Future of Jobs Report 2018. In World Economic Development Quarterly (Vol. 31, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/0891242417690604
WEF. (2020). Schools of the future: Defining new models of education for the fourth industrial revolution. World Economic Forum Reports 2020, January, 1–33. www.weforum.org
Mannila, L., Dagiene, V., Demo, B., Grgurina, N., Mirolo, C., Rolandsson, L., & Settle, A. (2014). Computational thinking in K-9 education. In ITiCSE-WGR 2014 - Working Group Reports of the 2014 Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education Conference (pp. 1–29). Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/2713609.2713610
Menggist, W., Soromessa, T.& Feyisa, G. L. (2019). Method for Conducting Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis for Environmental Science Research. MethodsX. 100777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2019.100777
Mohd Asarani, U., & Mohd Yassin, S. (2020). PENGINTEGRASIAN PEMIKIRAN KOMPUTASIONAL DALAM AKTIVITI PENGATURCARAAN DAN ROBOTIK. International Journal Of Education And Pedagogy, 2(2), 124-133. Retrieved from http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijeap/article/view/9878
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & Prisma Group. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS med, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
Morreale, P., Joiner, D., & Chang, G. (2010). Connecting undergraduate programs to high school students: teacher workshops on computational thinking and computer science. Journal of Computing Sciences in Colleges, 25(6), 191-197.
Muñoz-Repiso, A. G. V., & Caballero-González, Y. A. (2019). Robotics to develop computational thinking in early Childhood Education. Comunicar, 27(59), 63–72. https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-06
Malaysia Qualification Agency. (2016). Yearly report 2016. Agensi Kelayakan Malaysia, Selangor.
Orton, K., Weintrop, D., Beheshti, E., Horn, M., Jona, K., & Wilensky, U. (2016). Bringing computational thinking into high school mathematics and science classrooms. In Proceedings of International Conference of the Learning Sciences, ICLS (Vol. 2, pp. 705–712). International Society of the Learning Sciences (ISLS).
Osman, B. H. A., & Basar, M. N. (2016). Amalan Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Abad Ke-21 Dalam Kalangan Pensyarah Institut Pendidikan Guru Kampus Ipoh. Jurnal Penyelidikan Dedikasi. Jilid 10.
Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025. Petikan Ucapan Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin Ketika Membentangkan Laporan Awal Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia 2013-2025 Pada 13/9/2012, 1–12. Retrieved from http://www.moe.gov.my/cms/upload_files/articlefile/2013/articlefile_file_003113.pdf
Perumal, A., Latih, R., & Abu Bakar, M. (2019). MyJavaSchool: Students’ Perceptions and Motivation for Computer Programming. Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology & Multimedia, 08(02), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.17576/apjitm-2019-0802-05
Rode, J. A., Weibert, A., Marshall, A., Aal, K., von Rekowski, T., El Mimouni, H., & Booker, J. (2015, September). From computational thinking to computational making. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (pp. 239-250). Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1145/2750858.2804261
Saad, A. (2020). Students' Computational Thinking Skill through Cooperative Learning Based on Hands-on, Inquiry-based, and Student-centric Learning Approaches. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 290-296. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080135
Saari, E. M., & Hopkins, G. (2020). Computational thinking – Essential and pervasive toolset. Asian Journal of Assessment in Teaching and Learning, 10(1), 23-30. Retrieved from https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/index.php/AJATeL/article/view/3182
Saari, E. M., Blanchfield, P., & Hopkins, G. (2016). Computational thinking: A tool to motivate understanding in elementary school teachers. In Communications in Computer and Information Science (Vol. 583, pp. 348–364). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29585-5_20
Saari, E. M., Blanchfield, P., & Hopkins, G. (2015). Learning computational thinking through the use of flash action scripts: Preparing Trainee Elementary School Teachers for Teaching Computer Programming. In CSEDU 2015 - 7th International Conference on Computer Supported Education, Proceedings (Vol. 2, pp. 75–84). SciTePress. https://doi.org/10.5220/0005442600750084
Sanford, J. F., & Naidu, J. T. (2016). Computational thinking concepts for grade school. Contemporary Issues in Education Research (CIER), 9(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.19030/cier.v9i1.9547
Sengupta, P., Kinnebrew, J. S., Basu, S., Biswas, G., & Clark, D. (2013). Integrating computational thinking with K-12 science education using agent-based computation: A theoretical framework. Education and Information Technologies, 18(2), 351–380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-012-9240-x
Settle, A., Goldberg, D. S., & Barr, V. (2013). Beyond computer science: Computational thinking across disciplines. In Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE (pp. 311–312). https://doi.org/10.1145/2462476.2462511
Shanmugam, L., & Nadesan, G. (2019). An Innovative Module for Learning Computational Thinking Skills among Undergraduate Students. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarped/v8-i4/6440
Siong, W., & Osman, K. (2018). Pembelajaran Berasaskan Permainan dalam Pendidikan STEM dan Penguasaan Kemahiran Abad Ke-21. Politeknik & Kolej Komuniti Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanities, 3(1), 121-135. Retrieved from http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/PMJSSH/article/view/4678
Siti Rashidah, M. N., Humphrey, J. V., & Anizahyati, A. (2019). Essential Skills for Civil Engineering Graduates Towards Industry Revolution 4.0. In Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 11th International Conference on Engineering Education, ICEED 2019 (pp. 137–140). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEED47294.2019.8994951
Tedre, M., & Denning, P. J. (2016). The long quest for computational thinking. In ACM International Conference Proceeding Series (pp. 120–129). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/2999541.2999542
Towhidnejad, M., Kestler, C., Jafer, S., & Nicholas, V. (2015). Introducing computational thinking through stealth teaching. In Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE (Vol. 2015-February). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2014.7044407
Ubaidullah, N. H., & Hamid, J. (2019). A web-based learning programming portal: Do instructors need it to enhance novice students’ computational thinking skill? International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(9), 1945–1958. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.i8513.078919
Wan Nor Ashiqin. (2018). Preliminary Study in Emerging Competence Domain: Synergised Computational Thinking (CT) Skills and Brain-Based Learning (BBL) in TVET Curriculums. Journal of Human Development and Communication, 7, 95–104. Retrieved from https://johdec.unimap.edu.my/images/PDF/JOHDEC%20DIS%202018/Vol_7_2018_95-104.pdf
Weintrop, D., Beheshti, E., Horn, M., Orton, K., Jona, K., Trouille, L., & Wilensky, U. (2016). Defining Computational Thinking for Mathematics and Science Classrooms. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 25(1), 127–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-015-9581-5
Wing, J. M. (2006). Computational thinking. Communications of the ACM, 49(3), 33-35. https://doi.org/10.1145/1118178.1118215
Yadav, A., Mayfield, C., Zhou, N., Hambrusch, S., & Korb, J. T. (2014). Computational thinking in elementary and secondary teacher education. ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE), 14(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1145/2576872
Yadav, A., Zhou, N., Mayfield, C., Hambrusch, S., & Korb, J. T. (2011, March). Introducing computational thinking in education courses. In Proceedings of the 42nd ACM technical symposium on Computer science education (pp. 465-470). https://doi.org/10.1145/1953163.1953297
Yevseyeva, K., & Towhidnejad, M. (2012). Work in progress: Teaching computational thinking in middle and high school. In Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2012.6462487
Younger, P. (2010). Using Google Scholar to conduct a literature search. Nursing Standard 24 (45): 40-46. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns2010.07.24.45.40.c7906
Zaharin, N. L., Sharif, S., & Mariappan, M. (2018). Computational Thinking: A Strategy for Developing Problem Solving Skills and Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Int. J. Acad. Res. Bus. Soc. Sci, 8, 1265-1278. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i10/5297
Zhao, J. G. (2014). "Combination of multiple databases is necessary for a valid systematic review." International Orthopaedics 38 (12): 2639-2639. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-014-2556-y