Faktor Pembentukan Kejeleketan dalam Pengendalian Sesi Kaunseling Kelompok
Keywords:
kejeleketan, kaunseling, kaunseling kelompok
Abstract
Kaunseling kelompok merupakan satu bentuk perhubungan menolong yang memerlukan interaksi antara ahli kelompok. Terdapat elemen yang perlu dipupuk dalam kalangan ahli kelompok bagi memastikan matlamat yang ditetapkan boleh dicapai. Kejeleketan adalah merupakan pencapaian kesepaduan yang erat dalam kalangan individu yang seterusnya dapat menghasilkan nilai kekitaan. Pembentukan perasaan ini sesama ahli kelompok adalah satu keperluan penting dalam memastikan pelaksanaan kaunseling kelompok berkesan. Oleh itu, kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan kejeleketan dalam sesi kaunseling kelompok. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kualitatif menerusi analisis kandungan terhadap jurnal-jurnal berindeks tinggi seperti Scopus, Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) dan Science Direct. Analisis yang telah dijalankan menjelaskan antara faktor penyumbang kepada terbentuknya kejeleketan dalam sesi kaunseling kelompok adalah interaksi, penerimaan ahli, kebersamaan, saiz kelompok, perkongsian rasa, konflik dan sikap. Justeru, faktor-faktor ini perlu diberi perhatian secara jitu oleh kaunselor dalam mengendalikan sesi kaunseling kelompok dengan berkesan.
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References
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Burn, S. M. (2004). Group: theory and practice, Canada: Thomson Wadsworth.
Capuzzi, D., Gross, D. R., & Stauffer, M. D. (2010). Group Work (5th ed.). Love Publishing Company.
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Napier, R. W., & Gershenfeld, M. K. (2004). Groups: Theory and Experience (7th ed.). Houghton Mifflin.
Napier, R. W., dan Gershenfeld, M.K. (1989). Groups: theory and experience (4th ed.), New Jersey: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Othman, M. (2005). Prinsip psikoterapi dan pengurusan dalam kaunseling, Serdang: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Piper, W., Marrache, M., Lacroix, R., Richardson, A. & Jones, B. (1983). Cohesion as a basic bond in groups. Human Relations, 36, 93-108, menerusi Cohesiveness, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohesiveness, capaian pada 1 Julai 2021
Posthuma, B.W. (1996). Small groups in counseling and therapy: process and leadership, Boston: Ally and Bacon.
Pruitt, D. G., dan Lewis, S. A. (1977). The psychology of integrative bargaining di dalam Druckman, Daniel (Eds). Negotiations, London: Sage Publications.
Ridley, M. What Makes You Who You Are, di dalam Duffy, K. G. (2006). Personal Growth and Behaviour, Amerika Syarikat: McGraw Hill.
Strong, T. (2005). Understanding in counselling: A preliminary social constructionist and conversation analytic examination. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 33(4), 513–533.
Wilson, G. L. (2014). Groups in Context: Leadership and Participation in Small Groups (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Wilson, G.L. (1999). Group in context: leadership and participation in small groups (5th ed.), Boston: McGraw-Hill College.
Yalom, I. D. (1985). The theory and practice og group psychotherapy (4th ed.), United States of America, Basic Books.
Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2005). Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy, Fifth Edition (5th ed.). Basic Books. http://www.amazon.com/dp/B001C310YY
Zuraidah A.R. (2004). Pengenalan kaunseling kelompok, Kuala Lumpur: IBS Buku Sdn Bhd.
Association for specialists in group work professional standards for the training of group workers. (2000). The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 25(4), 327–342. https://doi.org/10.1080/01933920008411677
Bayne, R., Horton, Ian., Merry, T., dan Noyes, E. (1994). The counsellor’s handbook: a Practical A-Z guide to professional and clinal practice, London: Chapman & Hall.
Beal, D. J., Cohen, R., Burke, M. J. & McLendon, C. L. (2003). Cohesion and performance in groups: A meta-analytic clarification of construct relation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 989-1004. menerusi Cohesiveness, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohesiveness, capaian pada 1 Julai 2021
Burlingame, G. M., McClendon, D. T., & Alonso, J. (2011). Cohesion in Group Therapy. Psychotherapy, 48(1), 34–42. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022063
Burn, S. M. (2004). Group: theory and practice, Canada: Thomson Wadsworth.
Capuzzi, D., Gross, D. R., & Stauffer, M. D. (2010). Group Work (5th ed.). Love Publishing Company.
Capuzzi, D., Gross, D.R., dan Stauffer M. D. (2006), Introduction to Group Work (4th ed.), Sydney: Love Publishing Company.
Corey, G. (2012). Theory and Practice of Counseling and Psychotherapy (9th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Corey, G. (2015). Theory & Practice of Group Counseling.
Corey, G., Corey. M.S., Callanan, P.J., Russell, J.M. (1988), Group Techniques. California: Brooks/ Cole Publishing Company.
Eisenberg, J. (2007). Group Cohesiveness, dalam R. F. Baumeister & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopaedia of Social Psychology, 386-388. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, menerusi Cohesiveness, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohesiveness, capaian pada 1 Julai 2021
Feltham, C. (1995). What is counseling? The promise and problem of the talking Therapies, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Forsyth, D. R., & Diederich, L. T. (2014). Group dynamics and development. In Handbook of group counseling and psychotherapy, 2nd ed. (pp. 34–45). Sage Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781544308555.n3
Fullmer, D. W. (1978). Counseling: group theory and system (2 ed.), United States of America: Carroll Press.
Gladding, S. T. (1995). Group work: a counseling specialty (2 ed.), New Jersey: Merrill Prentice Hall.
Gladding, S. T. (2015). Groups : a Counseling Specialty (7th ed.). Pearson Education Inc.
Hogg, M. A. (1992). The social psychology of group cohesiveness: from attraction to social identity, New York: New York University Press.
Hogg, M. A. (1993). Group Cohesiveness: A Critical Review and Some New Directions. European Review of Social Psychology, 4(1), 85–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/14792779343000031
Ida Hartina, A. T. (2006). Memimpin kaunseling kelompok, Kuala Lumpur:PTS Professional.
Kline, W. B., (2003). Interactive group counseling and therapy, New Jersey: Marmarosh, C. L., & Amy, S. (2020). Group Cohesion. In P. Craig D. & T. Giorgio A. (Eds.), The Psychology of Groups: The Intersection of Social Psychology and Psychotherapy Research (p. 272). https://doi.org/10.1177/104649648001100401
Marmarosh, C., Holtz, A., & Schottenbauer, M. (2005). Group cohesiveness, group-derived collective self-esteem, group-derived hope, and the well-being of group therapy members. Group Dynamics, 9(1), 32–44. https://doi.org/10.1037/1089-2699.9.1.32
Mohd Mansur A. dan Siti Nordinar M. T. (1996). Kaunseling kelompok, Skudai: Penerbit Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Nadiyah, E. (2005). Barat ke Timur: pembentukan kerangka teoretikal peribadi bagi kaunselor dan pekerja sosial Malaysia. Di dalam Azlin Hilma Hillaluddin, Fatimah Zailly Ahmad Ramli, Rusimah Sayuti dan Yusmarhaini Yusof, Isu-isu dan pendidikan kerja sosial. Sintok: Penerbit Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Napier, R. W., & Gershenfeld, M. K. (2004). Groups: Theory and Experience (7th ed.). Houghton Mifflin.
Napier, R. W., dan Gershenfeld, M.K. (1989). Groups: theory and experience (4th ed.), New Jersey: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Othman, M. (2005). Prinsip psikoterapi dan pengurusan dalam kaunseling, Serdang: Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Piper, W., Marrache, M., Lacroix, R., Richardson, A. & Jones, B. (1983). Cohesion as a basic bond in groups. Human Relations, 36, 93-108, menerusi Cohesiveness, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cohesiveness, capaian pada 1 Julai 2021
Posthuma, B.W. (1996). Small groups in counseling and therapy: process and leadership, Boston: Ally and Bacon.
Pruitt, D. G., dan Lewis, S. A. (1977). The psychology of integrative bargaining di dalam Druckman, Daniel (Eds). Negotiations, London: Sage Publications.
Ridley, M. What Makes You Who You Are, di dalam Duffy, K. G. (2006). Personal Growth and Behaviour, Amerika Syarikat: McGraw Hill.
Strong, T. (2005). Understanding in counselling: A preliminary social constructionist and conversation analytic examination. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 33(4), 513–533.
Wilson, G. L. (2014). Groups in Context: Leadership and Participation in Small Groups (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Wilson, G.L. (1999). Group in context: leadership and participation in small groups (5th ed.), Boston: McGraw-Hill College.
Yalom, I. D. (1985). The theory and practice og group psychotherapy (4th ed.), United States of America, Basic Books.
Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2005). Theory and Practice of Group Psychotherapy, Fifth Edition (5th ed.). Basic Books. http://www.amazon.com/dp/B001C310YY
Zuraidah A.R. (2004). Pengenalan kaunseling kelompok, Kuala Lumpur: IBS Buku Sdn Bhd.
Published
2021-08-10
How to Cite
Abdul Aziz, A. R., Zakaria, M. Z. and Ab Razak, N. H. (2021) “Faktor Pembentukan Kejeleketan dalam Pengendalian Sesi Kaunseling Kelompok”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(8), pp. 69 - 79. doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v6i8.976.
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