Kompetensi Sosial dan Emosional (KSE) Untuk Pengajaran Matematik Sekolah Menengah di Malaysia
Keywords:
fuzzy delphi, kompetensi, sosial, emosional
Abstract
Kepentingan penguasaan kemahiran sosial dan emosional (KSE) dikatakan merupakan teras kepada kejayaan masa hadapan murid. Perubahan emosi sangat berkait rapat dengan fenomena sosial dan ini termasuklah dalam konteks pembelajaran dalam bilik darjah, dalam ekosistem sekolah dan di luar ekosistem sekolah. Pembelajaran yang memaknakan KSE dipanggil pembelajaran sosial dan emosional (PSE). Impak keberkesanan PSE dikatakan membantu murid sehingga dewasa daripada aspek kesejahteraan murid seperti pendidikan, pekerjaan dan penghasilan sosial. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam konteks kurikulum kebangsaan, tidak banyak kajian berkaitan PSE khususnya dalam pendidikan Matematik. Kertas ini bertujuan mengenal pasti dan mengesahkan komponen KSE yang sesuai dijalankan dalam persekitaran sekolah menengah di Malaysia bagi pengajaran matematik. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kajian literatur sebagai proses membandingkan beberapa model, mengenal pasti komponen KSE dalam model tersebut, dan seterusnya menggunakan kaedah fuzzy delphi (KFD) untuk mendapatkan pengesahan melalui kesepakatan sebelas orang pakar daripada pelbagai bidang. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa kesemua pakar bersetuju dengan kesemua komponen kompetensi yang dicadangkan iaitu kompetensi kesedaran kendiri, pengurusan diri, kesedaran sosial, kemahiran berhubungan, tanggungjawab dalam membuat keputusan, sikap berorientasikan matlamat, tanggungjawab peribadi dan berfikiran optimistik. Komponen KSE ini penting sebagai asas dalam membangunkan intervensi berkaitan meningkatkan kemahiran sosial dan emosional dalam konteks pengajaran matematik sekolah menengah di Malaysia. Seterusnya, menunjukkan bahawa KSE boleh diterapkan dalam pengajaran matematik dan memberikan impak kepada kesejahteraan masa hadapan murid.
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Boyatzis, R., & Goleman, D. (2017). Emotional and Social Competency Inventory: Research Guide and Technical Manual (Version 17). Korn Ferry.
CASEL. (2013). CASEL Guide: Effective Social and Emotional Learning Programs: Preschool and Elementary School Edition. Collaborative for Academic, Social and Emotional Learning. CASEL.
CASEL. (2017). Five Core Competencies of Social and Emotional Learning. CASEL. http://www.casel.org/core- competencies/
Charles A. Dana Center, & CASEL. (2016). Integrating Social and Emotional Learning and the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics: Making the Case. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31273.44642
Cheng, C.-H., & Lin, Y. (2002). Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research, 142(1), 174–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(01)00280-6
Chu, H. C., & Hwang, G. J. (2008). A Delphi-Based Approach to Developing Expert Systems With the Cooperation of Multiple Experts. Expert Systems with Applications, 34(4), 2826–2840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2007.05.034
Cohen, J. (1999). Educating Minds and Hearts: Social Emotional Learning and the Passage into Adolescence. Teachers College Press.
Cohen, J. (2001). Social and emotional education: Core concepts and practices. In Caring classrooms/intelligent schools: The social emotional education of young children. Teachers College Press.
Devereux Student Strengths Assessment (DESSA). (2018). The DESSA SEL Inventory: A Strength-Based Approach to Promoting Positive Student Behavior. https://www.powerschool.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Whitepaper-The-DESSA-SEL-Inventory-v1.1.pdf
Elias, M. (2016). How to Implement Social and Emotional Learning at Your School. In Handbook of Social and Emotional Learning: Research and Practice (pp. 2–7). Guilford Press. https://www.edutopia.org/blog/implement-sel-at-your-school-elias-leverett-duffell-humphrey-stepney-ferrito
Elias, M. J. (2006). The Connection Between Academic and Social-Emotional Learning. The Fundamental Connection of Sel/Ei, Academic Performance, and the Process of Learning, 4–14. https://doi.org/10.2307/1593632
Elias, M. J., Zins, J., & Weissberg, R. P. (1997). Promoting Social and Emotional Learning: Guidelines for Educators. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. www.ascd.org
Ferguson, B. (2014). Measuring What Matters: Physical and Mental Health in Schools. http://peopleforeducation.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/MWM-health-summary.pdf
Fundacion Botin. (2013). Social and Emotional Education. An International Analysis Fundación Botín Report 2013. Fundacion Botin.
Gagné, F. (1998). A Proposal for Subcategories Within Gifted or Talented Populations. Gifted Child Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/001698629804200203
Goleman, D. (1998). The Emotionally Competent Leader. The Healthcare Forum Journal, 41(2), 36–38.
Goleman, D. D. (1995). Emotional Intelligence: Why it Can Matter More Than IQ For Character, Health and Lifelong Achievement. Bantam Books. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-1849(05)80058-7
Institute for Public Health. (2018). National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2017: Key findings from the Adolescent Health and Nutrition Surveys (Issue April).
John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big-Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Theoretical Perspectives. In L. . Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research (Vol. 2, pp. 102–138). Guilford Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/fq.1998.51.4.04a00260
Kleickmann, T., Richter, D., Kunter, M., Elsner, J., Besser, M., Krauss, S., & Baumert, J. (2013). Teachers’ Content Knowledge and Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Journal of Teacher Education, 64(1), 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487112460398
L&T Direct, & The McClelland Center for Research and Innovation Hay Group. (2011). Emotional and Social Competency Inventory (ESCI): A User Guide For Accredited Practioners (Issue Jun). Hay Group. http://www.eiconsortium.org/pdf/ESCI_user_guide.pdf
Lee, M. ., Yeo, K. ., & Hadijah, J. (2015). Developing Discipline among Students through Social-Emotional Learning : A New Model to Prevent and Reduce Behavior Problems. Journal of Education and Vocational Research, 6(2), 80–90.
M. Jamil, M. R., Siraj, S., Hussin, Z., Mat Noh, N., & Sapar, A. A. (2017). Pengenalan Asas Kaedah Fuzzy Delphi Dalam Penyelidikan Reka Bentuk Pembangunan (M. R. M. Jamil (ed.)). Minda Intelek Agency.
Madlan, L., Asnawi, A. A., Seok, C. B., & Mutang, J. A. (2017). Profil Kecerdasan Emosi Sosial Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Sekolah. Jurnal Psikologi Dan Kesihatan Sosial (JPsiKS), 1, 13–22.
Marchesi, A. G., Cook, K., & ICF International. (2012). Social and Emotional Learning As A Catalyst For Academic Excellence. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED532586.pdf
Noftle, E. E., & Robins, R. W. (2007). Personality Predictors of Academic Outcomes: Big Five Correlates of GPA and SAT Scores. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(1), 116. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.93.1.116
Noriah, M. I. (2019). Memupuk Kepintaran Pelajar Pintar dan Berbakat, Peranan dan Cabaran Kaunselor. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. http://ukmpress.ukm.my
O’Conner, R., De Feyter, J., Carr, A., Luo, J. L., Romm, H., & ICF International. (2017). A Review Of The Literature On Social and Emotional Learning For Students Ages 3–8: Characteristics Of Effective Social And Emotional Learning Programs (part 1 of 4). Institute of Education Science, US Department of Education, Regional Educational Laboratory at ICF International.
OECD. (2015). Skills for Social Progress: The Power of Social and Emotional Skills. OECD Skills Studies, OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264226159-en
OECD. (2018). Social and Emotional Skills: Well-being, Connectedness and Success. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/education/school/UPDATED Social and Emotional Skills - Well-being, connectedness and success.pdf (website).pdf
Parlimen Malaysia. (2018). Penyata Rasmi Parlimen Dewan Rakyat Parlimen ketiga belas penggal keenam mesyuarat pertama. In Kerajaan Malaysia (Issue Bil.17).
Payton, J. W., Wardlaw, D. M., Graczyk, P. A., Bloodworth, M. R., Tompsett, C. J., & Weissberg, R. P. (2000). Social and Emotional Learning: a Framework for Promoting Mental Health and Reducing Risk Behaviors in Children and Youth Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning. Reprinted from the Journal of School Health, 70(5), 179–185.
Schonert-Reichl, K. A., & Hymel, S. (2007). Educating the Heart as Well as the Mind: Social and Emotional Learning for School and Life Success. Education Canada, 47(2), 20–25.
Shanker, S. (2014). Broader Measures of Success: Social/Emotional Learning. In Measuring What Matters. People for Education. https://peopleforeducation.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/MWM-Social-Emotional-Learning.pdf
Shanmugasundaram, U., & Mohamad, A. R. (2011). Social and Emotional Competency of Beginning Teachers. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 1788–1796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.426
Sinar Online. (2017, September 29). KPM mahu sifar masalah disiplin di sekolah. Sinar Online. http://www.sinarharian.com.my/nasional/kpm-mahu-sifar-masalah-disiplin-di-sekolah-1.737047
Stets, J. E., Turner, J. H., & etc. (2006). Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research; Handbook of the Sociology of Emotions (J. E. Stets & J. H. Turner (eds.)). Springer.
Tang, C. W., & Wu, C. T. (2010). Obtaining a Picture of Undergraduate Education Quality: A Voice From Inside the University. Higher Education, 60(3), 269–286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9299-5
Zins, J. E., & Elias, M. J. (2006). Social and emotional learning. In Children’s Needs III: Development, Prevention, and Intervention (Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1037/14615-012
Published
2020-04-26
How to Cite
Radin Abdul Halim, R. M. I., Mohammad Yasin, R. and Nik Yusoff, N. M. R. (2020) “Kompetensi Sosial dan Emosional (KSE) Untuk Pengajaran Matematik Sekolah Menengah di Malaysia”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 5(4), pp. 41 - 55. doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v5i4.389.
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