Exploring Youth's Knowledge, Attitudes, and Readiness Towards Implementation of Undi18 in Batang Padang District, Perak
Abstract
The amendment to the Federal Constitution in 2019, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18, sparked discussions on the preparedness and maturity of individuals in this age group to participate in elections. Recognizing the necessity for a comprehensive political communication strategy to effectively engage and prepare youth, a structured framework with a defined objective has been developed. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge, attitude, and readiness among youth in the Batang Padang district regarding voting at age 18, and analyse the factors influencing their participation. Using a quantitative approach, the study employs a questionnaire as its primary instrument, gathering responses from a sample of 462 individuals aged 18 to 20 in the Batang Padang district, Perak. The findings reveal a commendable level of knowledge among youth, albeit with a moderate attitude and readiness towards voting. Furthermore, the study identifies motivating factors for youth participation in voting, including personal responsibility, political party influence, peer interactions, the impact of social media influencers, and family influence. This research aims to provide valuable insights and empirical data to stakeholders, aiding in the development of targeted strategies to engage and prepare youth for active participation in the nation's democratic processes.
Downloads
References
Abdul Hadi Samsi, & Amaludin A B. (2013). Persepsi belia terhadap parti politik dan tahap penglibatan politik di Selangor. Malaysian Journal of Youth Studies, 9(July), 107–120.
Alodat, A. M., Al-Qora’n, L. F., & Abu Hamoud, M. (2023). Social Media Platforms and Political Participation: A Study of Jordanian Youth Engagement. Social Sciences, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12070402
Balqis Farahana Ismayuddin, & Junaidi Awang besar. (2022). Pandangan belia terhadap isu sosioekonomi dan politik di kawasan Dun Peramu Jaya, Pekan, Pahang. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 6(4), 1–20.
Berita Harian. (2019). Dewan Negara lulus pindaan Perlembagaan turunkan umur mengundi kepada 18 tahun. Berita Harian Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/berita/nasional/2019/07/589169/dewan-negara-lulus-pindaan-perlembagaan-turunkan-umur-mengundi-kepada
Biney, E., & Yaw Amoateng, A. (2019). Youth Political Participation: A Qualitative Study of Undergraduate Students at the University of Ghana. AFFRIKA Journal of Politics, Economics and Society, S1(1), 9–25. https://doi.org/10.31920/2075-6534/2019/s1n1a1
Chopra, P. K., & Kanji, G. K. (2010). Emotional intelligence: A catalyst for inspirational leadership and management excellence. Total Quality Management, 21(10), 971–1004. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2010.487704
Cross, W., & Young, L. (2008). Factors influencing the decision of the young politically engaged to join a political party: An investigation of the Canadian case. Party Politics, 14(3), 345–369. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068807088126
Faas, D. (2007). Youth, Europe and the Nation: The political knowledge, interests and identities of the new generation of European Youth. Journal of Youth Studies, 10(2), 161–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260601120161
Farrah Nuur, Fatheaah Zullaile, Zuliza Mohd Kusrin, & Anwar Fakhri Omar. (2023). Keperluan Pembinaan Panduan Pemilihan Calon Pilihan Raya Untuk Belia. Journal of Contemporary Islamic Law, 8, 42–50.
Gnanasagaran. (2018). Will Indonesian youths vote for change? | The ASEAN Post. The Asean Post. https://theaseanpost.com/article/will-indonesian-youths-vote-change
Halim Mokhtar, Muhammad Yusof Marlon Abdullah, Mustafa Kamal Amat Misra Misra, Zulkefli Aini, Abdul Haiy Mahmod, & Muhammad Fakhrur Razi Shahabudin. (2022). Kompenen Kepimpinan Dimensi Al-Qalb Dari Perspektif Kepimpinan Islam: Satu Analisis Kajian Lepas. Jurnal Pengajian Islam, 15(2), 113–124.
Hall, H. (2019). Voting behavior among young adults: An analysis of youth voters and how behavioral economic concepts can be applied to increase young voter turnout. Honors College Theses.
Ibnu Taimiyah. (1995). Siyasah Syar’iyah: Etika Politik Islam. Risalah Gusti.
Irma Wani Othman, Mohd Azri Ibrahim, & Mohd Sohaimi Esa. (2022). Democratization and Mature Elections: a Study of Youth Political Participation in Voters 18 and Automatic Voter Registration. International Journal of Law, Government and Communication, 7(29), 600–622. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijlgc.729041
Kelana, D. W. N. A., Ariffin, N. N., & Kipli, N. A. (2022). Sarawak’s political landscape: A conceptual analysis among youth. International Journal of Social Science Research, 4(3), 199–208. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijssr/article/view/19659
Ling, A. L. S., & Puyok, A. (2024). The Impacts of Undi 18 on Political Participation, Awareness and Readiness. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 9(2), e002655.https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v9i2.26
Mallick, S., & Tamuli, M. (2023). The colossal word "political socialization" and its impact on society. International Journal of Current Research, 14(1), 23033-23034. https://doi.org/10.24941/ijcr.44475.12.2022
Marshelayanti Mohamad Razali & Nafisah Ilham Hussin. (2021). Media baharu dan aktiviti politik belia Melayu di Selangor New media and political activities among Malay youth in Selangor. EDUCATUM-Journal of Social Science (EJOSS), 7(1), 45–54. https://doi.org/10.37134/ejoss.vol7.1.5.2021
Martyn, B., & Dimitra, P. (2019). Social and demographic factors linked to youth civic and political engagement. Youth Civic And Political Engagement, 6. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429025570-3
Mohd Azmir Mohd Nizah & Sabri Mohamad Sharif. (2020). Undi 18: Belia dan politik konvensional [Vote 18: Youth and conventional politics]. Jurnal Sains Insani, 5(1), 180–186. https://doi.org/10.33102/sainsinsani.vol5no1.181
Mohd Faizal, K. (2023). Undi 18: Understanding the political participation of first-time Malay voters through social media. SEARCH Journal of Media and Communication Research, 2023(Special Issue), 33–48
Mohd Zamirul. (2022). The Sifat dan Tingkah Laku Politik Pengundi Undi-18 di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Swasta (IPTS) di Pulau Pinang. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(11), e001941. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i11.1941
Moten, A. R. (2011). Changing Political Culture and Electoral Behavior in Malaysia. Asian Affairs: An American Review, 38(1), 39–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2010.548201
Nizah, M. A. M., & Bakar, A. R. A. (2024). Persepsi Pengundi Muda Terhadap Memes Politik, Undi18 dan Isu-isu 3R pasca Pilihan Raya Umum 15: Perception of the Young Voters on Political Memes, Undi18 and 3R issues in the post 15th General Election. Sains Insani, 9(1), 56-61.
Nur Hasliza Mohd Salleh. (2023). Lepas PRU15, apa cerita politik orang muda. MalaysiaNow. https://www.malaysianow.com/my/news/2023/02/17/lepas-pru15-apa-cerita-politik-orang-muda
Nurhazilah Mamat, Nazli Aziz, Siti Khatijah Yassin, & Nik Fadhilah Nik Him. (2022). Agenda perjuangan belia dalam berpolitik PASCA PRU-14 (Youth struggle agenda in post GE-14 politics). Qalam International Journal of Islamic and Humanities Research, 2(2), 39–44.
Ohme, J. (2019). When digital natives enter the electorate: Political social media use among first-time voters and its effects on campaign participation. Journal of Information Technology and Politics, 16(2), 119–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/19331681.2019.1613279
Paula, A., Khanam, F., & Sano, Y. (2022, July 19). Political participation, civic engagement and caregiving among youth in Canada. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/42-28-0001/2021001/article/00006-eng.htm
Peter, C., & Muth, L. (2023). Social Media Influencers’ Role in Shaping Political Opinions and Actions of Young Audiences. Media and Communication, 11(3), 164–174. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v11i3.6750
Putri, N. E. (2017). Dampak Literasi Politik Terhadap Partisipasi Pemilih Dalam Pemilu. Jurnal Agregasi : Aksi Reformasi Government Dalam Demokrasi, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.34010/agregasi.v5i1.219
Saad, S., & Salman, A. (2013). The role of values and attitudes in political participation. Asian Social Science, 9(8), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n8p9
Schulz, W., Ainley, J., Fraillon, J., Kerr, D., & Losito, B. (2010). ICCS 2009 European report: civic knowledge, attitudes and engagement among lower-secondary students in 24 European countries. International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA).
Suni, A., & Mietola, R. (2023). ‘Dear colleagues, I ask you to act like adults’: minority youth and their political participation. Journal of Youth Studies, 26(2), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.2009784
Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. (2017). Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. https://www.spr.gov.my
Ting, S.-H., & Wan Ahmad, S. S. (2022). Everyday interactions and political participation of Malaysian youth. Journal of Youth Studies, 25(5), 616–635. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.1923672
Wan Omar Wan Ahmad. (2018). Umur 18 tahun wajar dapat hak mengundi. BH Online. https://www.bharian.com.my/rencana/muka10/2018/07/446925/umur-18-tahun-wajar-dapat-hak-mengundi
Wentzel, K. R., & McNamara, C. C. (1999). Interpersonal relationships, emotional distress, and prosocial behavior in middle school. Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(1), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431699019001006
Yazid Saleh, Siti Noranizahhafizah Boyman, Hanifah Mahat, Mohmadisa Hashim, Nasir Nayan, Saiyidatina Balkhis Norkhaidi, & Samsudin Suhaili. (2020). Pola sokongan pengundi muda sebelum Pilihan Raya Umum ke 14 di Malaysia. Malaysian Journal of Society and Space, 16(1), 80–94. https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2020-1601-07
Zaller, J. (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zulkifli, Z. A., Mokhtar, M., & Mohd Zain, Z. (2023) Building a Framework for Election Education Among University Students. Journal of Governance and Development, 2(2), 173–188.