Penilaian Pengukuran Kemiskinan dari Perspektif Multidimensi: Kajian Kes Pelajar B40 di Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Kemiskinan merupakan isu subjektif serta berunsur pelbagai dimensi, lantas perlu didefinisikan dan diukur secara multidimensi dengan mengambil kira pelbagai faktor selain daripada pendapatan. Oleh itu, dapatan kajian ini memaparkan Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi 25 pelajar B40 Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang pada tahun 2021 bagi mengenal pasti kedua-dua insiden ketersisihan pelbagai dimensi (bilangan pelajar yang mengalami keterisihan dalam pelbagai aspek kehidupan) dan intensiti kemiskinan (berapa batas ketersisihan dialami secara purata pada sesuatu masa) dibandingkan dengan kaedah pengukuran konvensional yang berdasarkan pendekatan pendapatan-unidimensi semata-mata. Objektif kajian ini memfokuskan pentafsiran dan pengukuran kemiskinan yang berpaksi kepada perspektif multidimensi terhadap pelajar B40 tersebut. Natijahnya, kajian ini menegaskan kemiskinan ditafsir serta diukur daripada perspektif multidimensi supaya dapat dikenal pasti program pembasmian kemiskinan holistik. Metodologi kajian ialah kaedah kuantitatif berdasarkan model Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi terhadap 25 pelajar B40 melalui data kajian rintis-berempirikal. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini merupakan kajian awal berskala kecilan bagi mengenal pasti kelemahan atau kelebihan model pengukuran sebelum kajian sebenar yang dibuat secara sekala besar.
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References
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