Pemikiran Komputasional Murid dalam Pendidikan Matematik Berdasarkan Tinjauan Literatur Bersistematik
Abstract
Kemahiran pemikiran komputasional amat berguna bagi penyelesaian masalah dalam pelbagai bidang. Malangnya, tidak banyak kajian lepas membincangkan secara sistematik berkaitan penerapan pemikiran komputasional oleh guru dalam Pendidikan Matematik. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji trend kecenderungan kajian lepas tentang pemikiran komputasional mengikut negara, kepelbagaian definisi pemikiran komputasional dalam Pendidikan Matematik, usaha yang dilaksanakan untuk menerapkan murid dengan kemahiran pemikiran komputasional dalam Pendidikan Matematik dan jenis aktiviti pemikiran komputasional yang dilaksanakan guru dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) Matematik. Kajian ini berpandukan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) melibatkan empat fasa iaitu pengenalpastian (identification), seterusnya penapisan (screening), penyemakan kelayakan (eligibility) dan pemeriksaan rangkuman (included). Pangkalan data Scopus dan Web of Science (WoS) digunakan sehingga saringan 20 buah artikel akhir di antara tahun 2018 hingga 2022 mengikut kriteria-kriteria ditetapkan. Dapatan menunjukkan definisi pemikiran komputasional memfokus kepada proses pemikiran, merumuskan masalah, menyelesaikan masalah dan ejen pemprosesan maklumat. Selain itu, usaha menerapkan kemahiran pemikiran komputasional murid seperti penyediaan bahan pengajaran dan aktiviti, aktiviti pengaturcaraan, bengkel, modul pengajaran, kesedaran kendiri dan pelaksanaan projek boleh dilaksanakan. Sebanyak tiga kategori aktiviti pemikiran komputasional iaitu plugged activity, unplugged activity dan plugged activity and unplugged activity boleh dilaksanakan guru semasa PdP. Dapatan ini boleh memperbaiki penerapan pemikiran komputasional seseorang individu. Kajian lanjutan boleh dilaksanakan dengan mengkaji pengaruh jenis aktiviti (plugged activity, unplugged activity, plugged activity and unplugged activity) terhadap kemahiran pemikiran komputasional di dalam diri murid.
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References
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