Implementasi Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek (PBP): Manfaat dan Cabaran kepada Pelajar dan Guru
Abstract
Perubahan daripada penggunaan kaedah pembelajaran secara tradisional yang melibatkan peranan guru secara menyeluruh kepada pembelajaran yang berpusatkan pelajar adalah seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi masa kini yang mementingkan seseorang individu agar bersikap proaktif, berkeupayaan menyelesaikan masalah, berfikiran kritis dan kreatif serta mampu menghasilkan produk atau inovasi. Selaras dengan keperluan tersebut, strategi Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek (PBP) telah digunakan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) berdasarkan Teori Konstruktivisme iaitu “belajar dengan melakukan” atau “learning by doing”. Kertas konsep ini mengupas ciri-ciri PBP, manfaat, serta cabaran pelaksanaannya dikalangan pelajar dan guru. Kupasan yang dibuat di dalam kertas konsep ini adalah menggunakan data sekunder daripada sumber-sumber berwasit seperti jurnal dan buku kajian lepas.
Downloads
References
Abd Karim, R., & Iksan, Z. (2017). Keberkesanan pembelajaran berasaskan projek ke atas pengetahuan, sikap dan tingkah laku murid tahun 5 terhadap tajuk tenaga. Retrieved fromhttp. In conference. kuis. edu. my/pasak201 (Vol. 7)
Agsalog, M. S. (2019). Experiential Learning Approach: Its Effects on the Academic Performance and Motivation to Learn Physics of Grade 10 Students. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications (IJSRP), 9(9), p93113. https://doi.org/10.29322/ijsrp.9.09.2019.p93113
Agudelo, J. F., & Vasco, A. M. M. (2019). Project-Based Learning as a catalyst for Students and Teacher Autonomy development: The experience in a State School in Nilo, Cundinamarca. GIST – Education and Learning Research Journal, 19, 31–48. https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.699
Aji, C. A., & Khan, M. J. (2019). The Impact of Active Learning on Students’ Academic Performance. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 07(03), 204–211. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2019.73017
Akpan, V. I., Igwe, U. A., Mpamah, I. B. I., & Okoro, C. O. (2020, September). Social Constructivism: Implications On Teaching And Learning. British Journal of Education, 8(8), 49–56. https://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/Social-Constructivism.pdf
Aldabbus, S. (2018). Project-Based Learning: Implementation & Challenges. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 6(3), 71–79. European American Journals. https://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/Project-Based-Learning-Implementation-Challenges.pdf
Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) Approach as a Way to Engage Students in Learning. SAGE Open, 10(3), 215824402093870. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702
Amiruddin, M. H., Sumarwati, S., & Amat, K. (2021). The Impact of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on Student Achievement in Engineering Subject Material at Vocational College Kuantan, Pahang. Online Journal for TVET Practitioners, 6(1), 1-6
Ayala, D. C. C., & Avendaño-Franco, R. A. (2021). Implementing Lesson Plans for Collaborative Learning with Children in an EFL Context. GIST – Education and Learning Research Journal, 22, 199–226. ERIC. https://doi.org/10.26817/16925777.872
Bahagian Pembangunan Kurikulum (2014). Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi Aplikasi di Sekolah [E-book].
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-Efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215.
Burch, G. F., Giambatista, R., Batchelor, J. H., Burch, J. J., Hoover, J. D., & Heller, N. A. (2019). A meta‐analysis of the relationship between experiential learning and learning outcomes. Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education, 17(3), 239-273.
Cho, H., Cho, S. M., Cho, B. M., Jeong, S. H., & Cho, S. Y. (2021). A Study on Key Components of Problem-Based Learning through Literature Review. Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 8(2), 69–74. https://doi.org/10.24313/jPBP.2021.00045
Cintang, N., Setyowati, D. L., & Handayani, S. S. D. (2017). Perception of Primary School Teachers towards the Implementation of Project Based Learning. Journal of Primary Education, 6(2), 81–93. DOAJ. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpe/article/view/17552/8811
de la Torre-Neches, B., Rubia-Avi, M., Aparicio-Herguedas, J. L., & Rodríguez-Medina, J. (2020). Project-Based Learning: An Analysis of Cooperation and Evaluation As The Axes of Its Dynamic. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 7(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-00663-z
Demirci, C. (2017). The Effect of Active Learning Approach on Attitudes of 7th Grade Students. International Journal of Instruction, 10(4), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2017.1048a
Dewey, J. (1938). Experience and education. Free Press.
Eckardt, P. N., Craig, M., & Kraemer, L. (2020). The Impact of Project-Based Learning on Student Content Knowledge in an Undergraduate, Teacher Preparation, Foundations of Education Course. Journal for Leadership and Instruction, 19(1), 38–42. ERIC.
Eladl, M. A., & Guraya, S. Y. (2022). Measuring the Effectiveness of Faculty Feedback on the use of an active integrated instructional pedagogy for the embryology course. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 17(1), 120-127.
Ferrero, M., Vadillo, M. A., & León, S. P. (2021). Is Project-Based Learning Effective Among Kindergarten And Elementary Students? A Systematic Review. PLOS ONE, 16(4), e0249627. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249627
Ghavifekr, S. (2020). Collaborative Learning: A Key to Enhance Students’ Social Interaction Skills. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 8(4), 9–21. ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1271748.pdf
Granado-Alcón, M. D. C., Gómez-Baya, D., Herrera-Gutiérrez, E., Vélez-Toral, M., Alonso-Martín, P., & Martínez-Frutos, M. T. (2020). Project-based learning and the acquisition of competencies and knowledge transfer in higher education. Sustainability, 12(23), 10062. https://doi.org/10.3390/su122310062
Haatainen, O., & Aksela, M. (2021). Project-based learning in integrated science education: Active teachers’ perceptions and practices. LUMAT: International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education, 9(1), 149–173. https://doi.org/10.31129/LUMAT.9.1.1392
Han, S. J., Lim, D. H., & Jung, E. (2021). A collaborative active learning model as a vehicle for online team learning in higher education. In Research Anthology on Developing Effective Online Learning Courses (pp. 217-236). IGI Global.
Hendrickson, P. (2021). Effect of Active Learning Techniques on Student Excitement, Interest, and Self-Efficacy. Journal of Political Science Education, 17(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1080/15512169.2019.1629946
Huang, C.-Y., & Wang, Y. (2020). Toward an Integrative Nursing Curriculum: Combining Team-Based and Problem-Based Learning with Emergency-Care Scenario Simulation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124612
Idrus, H., & Abdullah, M. R. T. L. (2018). Implementation of PBL to enhance the soft skills of engineering students. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 53, p. 03008). EDP Sciences.
Ikram, M., Sroufe, R., Mohsin, M., Solangi, Y. A., Shah, S. Z. A., & Shahzad, F. (2019). Does CSR influence firm performance? A longitudinal study of SME sectors of Pakistan. Journal of Global Responsibility.
Ilyas, A., & Saeed, M. (2021). Project-Based Learning in Teacher Education: Effect on Prospective Science Teachers’ Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 5(2), 26–35. https://doi.org/10.35484/pssr.2021(5-ii)03
Issa, H. B., & Khataibeh, A. (2021). The Effect of Using Project Based Learning on Improving The Critical Thinking among Upper Basic Students from Teachers’ Perspectives. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 11(2), 5257. ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1302127.pdf
Jenkins, J. J., & Clarke, T. (2017). Engaged Journalism: Using Experiential Learning Theory (ELT) for In-Class Journaling Activities. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 29(1), 154–161. ERIC. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1135973.pdf
Kaniki, R. L. (2020). Culture Of Active Versus Passive Learning: Transformative Experience In Learning Qualitative Inquiry Course. International Journal of Education, Learning and Development, 8(8), 37–46. ERCTD. https://www.eajournals.org/wp-content/uploads/Culture-of-Active-versus-Passive-Learning.pdf
Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (2013). Pelan Pembangunan Pendidikan Malaysia (PPPM) 2013-2025(Pendidikan Prasekolah hingga lepas menengah). https://www.moe.gov.my/muat-turun/penerbitan-dan-jurnal/1818-pelan-pembangunan-pendidikan-2013-2025/file
Kim, Y. (2021). The Problem/Project-Based Learning (PBL/PjBL) at Online Classes. International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology, 9(1), 162–167. https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO202111752549853.pdf
Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential Learning: Experience as The Source of Learning and Development (2nd ed.). Pearson Education, Inc. (Original work published 1984)
Kusumastuti, E. C., Prihandono, T., & Supriadi, B. (2021). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kolaboratif Dengan Media Sederhana Pada Pembelajaran Fisika Di SMP. 200–205. https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JPF/article/download/23159/9306
Kusumastuti, E. C., Prihandono, T., & Supriadi, B. (2021). Penerapan model pembelajaran kolaboratif dengan media sederhana pada pembelajaran fisika di SMP. Jurnal Pembelajaran Fisika, 1(2), 200-205.
Maher, D., & Yoo, J. (2017). Project Based Learning In The Primary School Classroom. In R. V. Nata (Ed.), Progress in Education (pp. 105–119). Nova Science Publishers.
Mak, B., Lau, C., & Wong, A. (2017). Effects Of Experiential Learning On Students: An Ecotourism Service-Learning Course. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 17(2), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2017.1285265
Musna, R. R., Juandi, D., & Jupri, A. (2021). A Meta-Analysis Study of The Effect of Problem-Based Learning Model On Students’ Mathematical Problem Solving Skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1882(1), 012090. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1882/1/012090
Noor, N. M., & Nasri, N. M. (2021). Persepsi Guru Kimia Terhadap Perlaksanaan Project Based Learning (PBL) Bagi Matapelajaran Kimia KSSM. Jurnal Dunia Pendidikan, 3(2), 433-448. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/jdpd/article/view/14130
Nor Khayati Basir, Mohd Isa Hamzah & Khadijah Abdul Razak (2017). Sikap dalam Pendekatan Pembelajaran Berasaskan Projek Terhadap Pencapaian Pelajar Politeknik di Negeri Perak. Tinta Artikulasi Membina Ummah, 3(1), 1–14. http://www.journaltamu.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/TAMU-Vol-31-June-2017-1.pdf
Obi, N. C., Cornelius-Ukpepi, B., & Rita A., N. (2019). Constructivists’ Theory and Science Education Classroom. European Journal of Scientific Research, 154(4), 549–553.
Peter, A. K. A. (2019). Advantages and Challenges of Online Project Based Learning [Thesis]. https://scholarworks.rit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11386&context=theses
Phala, J., & Chamrat, S. (2019). Learner Characteristics as Consequences of Active Learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1340, 012083. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1340/1/012083
Sadrina, S., Mustapha, R.B., & Ichsan, M. (2018). The evaluation of project-based learning in Malaysia: propose a new framework for polytechnics system. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi, 8(2)
Sadrina, S. & Ramlee, M. (2017). The evaluation of project-based learning at the Mechanical Engineering Department , Polytechnic Malaysia : A product dimension assessment. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Teknik Elektro, 1(1), 51–62
Saleha, S. (2019). Teachers’ Oral Feedback in Efl Classroom Interaction (A Descriptive Qualitative Study at Eighth Grade Students of SMP IT Khairunnas Kota Bengkulu in Academic Year 2019) (Doctoral dissertation, IAIN BENGKULU)
Susanti, S., Prasetyo, T., & Nasution, S. A. (2017). Model pembelajaran kolaboratif sebagai alternatif pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial. Didaktika Tauhidi: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 4(1) 143-150
Tortorella, G., & Cauchick-Miguel, P. A. (2017). An Initiative For Integrating Problem-Based Learning Into A Lean Manufacturing Course Of An Industrial Engineering Graduate Program. Production, 27(spe). https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.224716
Trinidad, J. E. (2020). Understanding student-centred learning in higher education: students’ and teachers’ perceptions, challenges, and cognitive gaps. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 44(8), 1013-1023.
Vasiliene-Vasiliauskiene, V., Vasilis Vasiliauskas, A., Meidute-Kavaliauskiene, I., & Sabaityte, J. (2020). Peculiarities of educational challenges implementing project-based learning. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues, 12(2), 136–149. https://doi.org/10.18844/wjet.v12i2.4816
Wang, C. C. (2021). The process of implementing problem-based learning in a teacher education programme: an exploratory case study. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1996870.
Wright, R. K. (2018). Setting Them up to Fail: The Challenge of Employing Project-Based Learning Within a Higher Education Environment. Event Management, 22(1), 99–110. https://doi.org/10.3727/152599517x15111988554026
Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., Xiong, X., Zhang, W., Chen, W., & Ge, S. (2021). From Lab Scale to Mass Production: A Project-Based Learning on the Preparation of (S)-Epichlorohydrin for Enhancing College Student Engineering Practical Abilities. Journal of Chemical Education, 98(12), 3804-3812
Yustina, Y., Syafii, W., & Vebrianto, R. (2020). The Effects of Blended Learning and Project-Based Learning on Pre-Service Biology Teachers’ Creative Thinking Skills through Online Learning in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(3), 408–420. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v9i3.24706
.png)
