Social Media Influencers and The Dietary Choices Among University Students
Keywords:
Social Media Influencers (SMIs), dietary choices, behavioral intent, university students, attitude
Abstract
This study investigated the attitude and subjective norms of students on Social Media Influencers (SMIs) towards the behavioural intent on their dietary choices in accordance with the Theory of Reasoned Action. Social media influencers as groups of people have had to some extent constructed a reputation for themselves through applying social media platforms to promote oneself. In completing the study, the final year students in Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) were selected as the respondents. The results of the study showed there is a significant relationship between the subjective norms of students on SMIs with the behavioral intent on their dietary choices. Thus, the study concluded that attitude of students towards the SMIs does not affected their daily dietary choices, however, the subjective norms in the students’ life on the SMIs actually makes a difference in their eating habits. Based on the findings of the study, 97.6% of the students believed that they have healthy dietary choices. This study also shows that, 98.8% of the respondents subscribe to social media influencers on their social media accounts. The findings alone indicated that the students’ live are impacted by them. Furthermore, most of them follow the social media influencers on every social media platform: Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, TikTok and Twitter. However, Instagram is the most used social media platform to subscribe to them.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Albarracin, D., & Shavitt, S. (2018). Attitudes and Attitude Change. Annual Review of Psychology, 69(1), 299-327. doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-122216-011911
Almousa, M., Alsaikhan, A., & Aloud, A. (2020). The Influence of Social Media on Nutritional Behavior and Purchase. International Journal of Marketing, Communication and New Media, 8, 78-94
Allen, M. (2017). Correlation, Pearson. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. doi:10.4135/9781483381411.n99
Babbie, E., & Mouton, J. (2007). Practice of Social Research. Oxford University Press Southern Africa.
Baccarella, C. V., Wagner, T. F., Kietzmann, J. H., & McCarthy, I. P. (2018). Social media? It's serious! Understanding the dark side of social media. European Management Journal, 431-438. Retrieved from www.elsevier.com/locate/emj
Bada, M., Sasse, A., & Nurse, J. R. (2015). Cyber Security Awareness Campaigns: Why do they fail to change behaviour? Retrieved from Global Cyber Security Capacity Centre: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274663655_Cyber_Security_Awar eness_Campaigns_Why_do_they_fail_to_change_behaviour
Basil, M. D. (1990). Primary News Source Changes: Question Wording, Availability, and Cohort Effects. Journalism Quarterly, 67(4), 708–722. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909006700425
Bell, E., & Bryman, A. (2007). The Ethics of Management Research: An Exploratory Content Analysis. British Journal of Management, 63-77. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00487.x
Berthon, P., Pitt, L., Kietzmann, J., & McCarthy, I. P. (2015). CGIP: Managing Consumer-Generated Intellectual Property. Sage Journal, 57(4), 43-62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.4
Birch, L. L. (1999). Development of food preferences. Annual Review of Nutrition, 19, 41-62. doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.19.1.41
Chau, M. M., Burgermaster, M., & Mamykina, L. (2018). The use of social media in nutrition interventions for adolescents and young adults—a systematic review. International Journal of Medical Informatics. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2018.10.001
Deshpande, S., Basil, M. D., & Basil, D. Z. (2009). Factors Influencing Healthy Eating Habits Among College Students: An Application of the Health Belief Model. Health Marketing Quarterly, 26(2), 145-164. doi:10.1080/07359680802619834
Dudovskiy, J. (2018). The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: A Step-by-Step Assistance. Pearson Education Limited.
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Pyschology and Marketing, 12(5), 459-466. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258879638_A_review_Eagly_A_H_Chaiken_S_1993_The_psychology_of_attitudes_New_York_Harcourt_Brace _Janovich
Fleming, J., & Zegwaard, K. E. (2018). Methodologies, methods and ethical considerations for conducting research in work-integrated learning. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 19(3), 205-213. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1196755.pdf
Freberg, K., Graham, K., McGaughey, K., & Freberg, L. A. (2011). Who are the social media influencers? A study of public perceptions of personality. Public Relations Review, 37(1), 90-92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2010.11.001
Gaenssle, S., & Budzinski, O. (2020). Stars in social media: new light through old windows? Journal of Media Business Studies, 18(2), 79-105. doi:doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2020.1738694
Gleason, T. R., Theran, S. A., & Newberg, E. M. (2017). Parasocial Interactions and Relationships in Early Adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 255. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00255
Granheim, S. I., Opheim, E., Terragni, L., Torheim, L. E., & Thurston, M. (2020). Mapping the digital food environment: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open, 10. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036241
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective.
Hassan, Z. A., Schattner, P., & Mazza, D. (2006). Doing A Pilot Study: Why Is It Essential? Malays Fam Physician., 70-73. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453116/#R01
Hayes, L., Bhochhibhoya, A., Cheney, M., Larson, D., & Branscum, P. (2016). An Evaluation of the Effects of Formal Nutrition Education on Online Nutrition Information Retrieval among College Students. Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet, 20(4), 139-155. doi:10.1080/15398285.2016.1198878
Hermanda, A., Sumarwan, U., & Tinaprilla, N. (2019). The Effect Of Social Media Influencer On Brand Image, Self-Concept, And Purchase Intention. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 4(2), 76-89. doi:10.29244/jcs.4.2.76-89
Joshi, P. (2018). Mothers’ Beliefs towards Children's Food Behavior: A Phenomenological Study. Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1).
Johnson, D. M., & Shoulders, C. W. (2019). Beyond Magic Words and Symbols: Rethinking Common Practices in Quantitative Research. Journal of Agricultural Education, 60(3), 291-303. doi:10.5032/jae.2019.03291
Johanson, G.A. & Brooks, G. P. (2009). Initial scale development: sample size for pilot studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(3), 114 – 124.
Kabir, A., Miah, S., & Islam, A. (2018). Factors influencing eating behavior and dietary intake among resident students in a public university in Bangladesh: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE, 13(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198801
Khalid, N. L., Jayasainan, S. Y., & Hassim, N. (2018). Social media influencers - shaping consumption culture among Malaysian youth. SHS Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/shsconf/20185302008
Klassen, K. M., Douglass, C. H., Brennan, L., Truby, H., & Lim, M. S. (2018). Social media use for nutrition outcomes in young adults: a mixed-methods systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 15(1). doi:10.1186/s12966- 018-0696-y
Koo, H. C., Poh, B. K., Lee, S. T., Chong, K. H., Bragt, M. C., & Talib, R. A. (2016). Are Malaysian Children Achieving Dietary Guideline Recommendations? Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 28(5). doi:10.1177/1010539516641504
Lavrakas, P. J. (2008). Convenience Sampling. Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods. Loeper, A., Steiner, J., & Stewart, C. (2014). Influential Opinion Leaders. The Economic Journal, 124(581). doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12100
Lim, X. J., Radzol, A. R., Cheah, J.-H., & Wong, M. W. (2017). The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Purchase Intention and the Mediation Effect of Customer Attitude. Asian Journal of Business Research, 7(2). doi:10.14707/ajbr.170035
Lisichkova, N., & Othman, Z. (2017). The Impact of Influencers on Online Purchase Intent. Retrieved from Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338107402_The_Impact_of_Influ encers_on_Online_Purchase_Intent
Lofft, Z. (2020). When Social Media Meet Influencer: How influencers spread misinformation and why we believe them. 11. doi:doi:https://doi.org/10.29173/hsi319
Lokithasan, K., Simon, S., Jasmin, N. Z., & Othman, N. A. (2019). Male And Female Social Media Influencers: The Impact Of Gender On Emerging Adults. International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 2(9), 21-30. doi:10.35631/IJMTSS.29003
Lokhorst, A. (2009). Using commitment to improve environmental quality. Retrieved from Leiden University: https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/13998
Lu, D., Li, Q., & Liao, S. S. (2012). A graph-based action network framework to identify prestigious members through member's prestige evolution. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2011.12.003
Majid, U. (2018). Research Fundamentals: Study Design, Population, and Sample Size. Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Sciences and Technology (URNCST) Journal. doi:10.26685/urncst.16
McCorquodale, S. (2019). How social media are shaping our digital future. Great Britain: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Ey2qDwAAQBAJ&oi=fn d&pg=PP1&dq=social+media+influencers&ots=J7tH5RY1xr&sig=PNOZlRY1 JwOTuFQVHX147yHmmHQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry. Virginia : Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Mete, R., Shield, A., Murray, K., Bacon, R., & Kellett, J. (2019). What is healthy eating? A qualitative exploration. Public Health Nutrition, 22(13), 2408- 2418.
Memon, M. A., Ting, H., Ramayah, T., Chuah, F., Cheah, J-H. (2017). A Review of the Methodological Misconceptions and Guidelines Related to the Application of Structural Equation Modeling: A Malaysian Scenario. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 1(1), i-xiii.
Mills, A. J., Durepos, G., & Wiebe, E. (2010). Reasearch Framework. Encyclopedia of Case Study Research. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412957397.n299
Nandagiri, V., & Philip, L. (2018). The impact of influencers from Instagram and YouTube on their followers. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education, 61-65. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323996049_The_impact_of_influe ncers_from_Instagram_and_YouTube_on_their_followers
Nour, M., Yeung, S. H., Partridge, S., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2017). A Narrative Review of Social Media and Game-Based Nutrition Interventions Targeted at Young Adults. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.12.014
Paniagua, J., Korzynsk, P., & Mas-Tur, A. (2017). Crossing borders with social media: Online social networks and FDI. European Management Journal, 314-326. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2016.09.002
Pannucci, C. J., & Wilkins, E. G. (2010). Identifying and Avoiding Bias in Research. Plast Reconstr Surg, 126(2), 619-625. doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181de24bc
Papathomas, A., White, H. J., & Plateau, C. R. (2019). Young people, social media, and disordered eating. UK: Taylor & Francis Group .
Pollard, C. M., Pulker, C. E., Meng, X., Kerr, D. A., & Scott, J. A. (2016). Who Uses the Internet as a Source of Nutrition and Dietary Information? An Australian Population Perspective. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(8). doi:10.2196/jmir.4548
Preedy, V. R., & Watson, R. R. (2010). Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. New York: Springer, New York, NY. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78665-0_5487
Qualman, E. (2012). Socialnomics: How Social Media Transforms the Way We Live and Do Business, 2nd Edition.
Radzi, C. W., Jenatabadi, H. S., Alanzi, A. R., M. I., Mamat, M. Z., & Abdullah, N. A. (2019). Analysis of Obesity among Malaysian University: A Combination Study with the Application of Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling and Pearson Correlation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(3), 492. doi:10.3390/ijerph16030492
Roose, K. (2019, July 16). "Don’t Scoff at Influencers. They’re Taking Over the World,”. Retrieved from New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/16/technology/vidconsocial-media- influencers.html
Sanusi, G. A. (2020). Factors Influencing the Factors to use Malaysian Dietary Guidelines Among University Students. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting, 28(2), 517-543. Retrieved from https://journals.iium.edu.my/enmjournal/index.php/enmj/article/view/798
Sachdev, S. B., & Verma, H. (2004). Relative Importance Of Service Quality Dimensions: A Multisectoral Study. Retrieved fromhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/RELATIVE-IMPORTANCE-OF- SERVICE-QUALITY-DIMENSIONS%3A-Sachdev-Verma/b9a62fdb45ef1288cde2525a903076d9c42090c9
Sekhon, T., Bickart, B., Trudel, R., & Fournier, S. (2016). Being a likeable braggart: How consumers use brand mentions for self-presentation on social media. Consumer Psychology in a Social Media World, 23-39. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2016-02008-002
Serman, Z., & Sims, J. (2020). How Social Media Influencers Affect Consumers Purchase Habits? UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings 2020, 10. Retrieved from https://aisel.aisnet.org/ukais2020/10
Sugathan, S., & Bagh, D. S. (n.d.). Prevalence and Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among Medical Students in Ipoh, Malaysia. Academic Medical Journal of India, 2(1). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260795338_Volume_II_-Issue_1_Prevalence_and_Correlates_of_Overweight_and_Obesity_among_M edical_Students_in_Ipoh_Malaysia
Sidani, J. E., Shensa, A., Hoffman, B., Hanmer, J., & Primack, B. A. (2016). The Association between Social Media Use and Eating Concerns among US Young Adults. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietatics, 116(9), 1465-1472. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.03.021
Singh, K. D., & Onahring, B. D. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention, job satisfaction and organisation commitment - construct of a research model through literature review. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1). doi:10.1186/s40497-018-0134-2
Sogari, G., Velez-Argumedo, C., Gómez, M. I., & Mora, C. (2018). College Students and Eating Habits: A Study Using An Ecological Model for Healthy Behavior. Nutrients, 10(12). doi:10.3390/nu10121823
Swindle, T. M., Ward, W. L., & Whiteside-Mansell, L. (2018). Facebook: The Use of Social Media to Engage Parents in a Preschool Obesity Prevention Curriculum. J Nutr Educ Behav., 50(1), 4-10. doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2017.05.344
Talaue, G. M., AlSaad, A., AlRushaidan, N., AlHugail, A., & AlFahhad, S. (2018). THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC. International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT), 8(4). doi:10.5121/ijait.2018.8503
Taber, K. S. (2018). The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Research Sci Edu, 48, 1273– 1296. doi:10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Turner, P. G., & Lefevre, C. E. (2017). Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia. Eat Weight Disord, 277-284. doi:10.1007/s40519- 017-0364-2
Voramontri, D., & Klieb, L. (2019). Impact of social media on consumer behaviour. Int. J. Information and Decision Sciences, 11(3), 210-232. doi:doi.org/10.1504/IJIDS.2019.101994
Wagner, T. F., Baccarella, C. V., & Voigt, K.-I. (2017). Framing social media communication: Investigating the effects of brand post appeals on user interaction. European Management Journal, 1-11. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2017.05.002
Wayles, K. (2020). Instagram and Eating Disorders: An Empirical Study of the Effects of Instagram on Disordered Eating Habits Among Young Girls. Theses and Dissertations. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3595
Xiang, Y. W. (2020, July 27). Malaysia Ranks 2nd In Asia For Cyberbullying Among Youth. Retrieved from Says News: https://says.com/my/news/malaysia- ranks-2nd-in-asia-for-cyberbullying-among-children
Yuan, S., & Lou, C. (2020). How Social Media Influencers Foster Relationships with Followers: The Roles of Source Credibility and Fairness in Parasocial Relationship and Product Interest. Journal Of Interactive Advertising, 20(2), 133–147. doi:doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2020.1769514
Zak, S., & Hasprova, M. (2020). The role of influencers in the consumer decision- making process. Globalization and its Socio-Economic Consequences.
Almousa, M., Alsaikhan, A., & Aloud, A. (2020). The Influence of Social Media on Nutritional Behavior and Purchase. International Journal of Marketing, Communication and New Media, 8, 78-94
Allen, M. (2017). Correlation, Pearson. The SAGE Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. doi:10.4135/9781483381411.n99
Babbie, E., & Mouton, J. (2007). Practice of Social Research. Oxford University Press Southern Africa.
Baccarella, C. V., Wagner, T. F., Kietzmann, J. H., & McCarthy, I. P. (2018). Social media? It's serious! Understanding the dark side of social media. European Management Journal, 431-438. Retrieved from www.elsevier.com/locate/emj
Bada, M., Sasse, A., & Nurse, J. R. (2015). Cyber Security Awareness Campaigns: Why do they fail to change behaviour? Retrieved from Global Cyber Security Capacity Centre: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274663655_Cyber_Security_Awar eness_Campaigns_Why_do_they_fail_to_change_behaviour
Basil, M. D. (1990). Primary News Source Changes: Question Wording, Availability, and Cohort Effects. Journalism Quarterly, 67(4), 708–722. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/107769909006700425
Bell, E., & Bryman, A. (2007). The Ethics of Management Research: An Exploratory Content Analysis. British Journal of Management, 63-77. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00487.x
Berthon, P., Pitt, L., Kietzmann, J., & McCarthy, I. P. (2015). CGIP: Managing Consumer-Generated Intellectual Property. Sage Journal, 57(4), 43-62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2015.57.4.4
Birch, L. L. (1999). Development of food preferences. Annual Review of Nutrition, 19, 41-62. doi:10.1146/annurev.nutr.19.1.41
Chau, M. M., Burgermaster, M., & Mamykina, L. (2018). The use of social media in nutrition interventions for adolescents and young adults—a systematic review. International Journal of Medical Informatics. doi:10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2018.10.001
Deshpande, S., Basil, M. D., & Basil, D. Z. (2009). Factors Influencing Healthy Eating Habits Among College Students: An Application of the Health Belief Model. Health Marketing Quarterly, 26(2), 145-164. doi:10.1080/07359680802619834
Dudovskiy, J. (2018). The Ultimate Guide to Writing a Dissertation in Business Studies: A Step-by-Step Assistance. Pearson Education Limited.
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Pyschology and Marketing, 12(5), 459-466. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258879638_A_review_Eagly_A_H_Chaiken_S_1993_The_psychology_of_attitudes_New_York_Harcourt_Brace _Janovich
Fleming, J., & Zegwaard, K. E. (2018). Methodologies, methods and ethical considerations for conducting research in work-integrated learning. International Journal of Work-Integrated Learning, 19(3), 205-213. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1196755.pdf
Freberg, K., Graham, K., McGaughey, K., & Freberg, L. A. (2011). Who are the social media influencers? A study of public perceptions of personality. Public Relations Review, 37(1), 90-92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2010.11.001
Gaenssle, S., & Budzinski, O. (2020). Stars in social media: new light through old windows? Journal of Media Business Studies, 18(2), 79-105. doi:doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2020.1738694
Gleason, T. R., Theran, S. A., & Newberg, E. M. (2017). Parasocial Interactions and Relationships in Early Adolescence. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 255. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00255
Granheim, S. I., Opheim, E., Terragni, L., Torheim, L. E., & Thurston, M. (2020). Mapping the digital food environment: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open, 10. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036241
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Babin, B. J., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective.
Hassan, Z. A., Schattner, P., & Mazza, D. (2006). Doing A Pilot Study: Why Is It Essential? Malays Fam Physician., 70-73. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453116/#R01
Hayes, L., Bhochhibhoya, A., Cheney, M., Larson, D., & Branscum, P. (2016). An Evaluation of the Effects of Formal Nutrition Education on Online Nutrition Information Retrieval among College Students. Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet, 20(4), 139-155. doi:10.1080/15398285.2016.1198878
Hermanda, A., Sumarwan, U., & Tinaprilla, N. (2019). The Effect Of Social Media Influencer On Brand Image, Self-Concept, And Purchase Intention. Journal of Consumer Sciences, 4(2), 76-89. doi:10.29244/jcs.4.2.76-89
Joshi, P. (2018). Mothers’ Beliefs towards Children's Food Behavior: A Phenomenological Study. Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 1(1).
Johnson, D. M., & Shoulders, C. W. (2019). Beyond Magic Words and Symbols: Rethinking Common Practices in Quantitative Research. Journal of Agricultural Education, 60(3), 291-303. doi:10.5032/jae.2019.03291
Johanson, G.A. & Brooks, G. P. (2009). Initial scale development: sample size for pilot studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(3), 114 – 124.
Kabir, A., Miah, S., & Islam, A. (2018). Factors influencing eating behavior and dietary intake among resident students in a public university in Bangladesh: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE, 13(6). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0198801
Khalid, N. L., Jayasainan, S. Y., & Hassim, N. (2018). Social media influencers - shaping consumption culture among Malaysian youth. SHS Web of Conferences. doi:10.1051/shsconf/20185302008
Klassen, K. M., Douglass, C. H., Brennan, L., Truby, H., & Lim, M. S. (2018). Social media use for nutrition outcomes in young adults: a mixed-methods systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 15(1). doi:10.1186/s12966- 018-0696-y
Koo, H. C., Poh, B. K., Lee, S. T., Chong, K. H., Bragt, M. C., & Talib, R. A. (2016). Are Malaysian Children Achieving Dietary Guideline Recommendations? Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health, 28(5). doi:10.1177/1010539516641504
Lavrakas, P. J. (2008). Convenience Sampling. Encyclopedia of Survey Research Methods. Loeper, A., Steiner, J., & Stewart, C. (2014). Influential Opinion Leaders. The Economic Journal, 124(581). doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecoj.12100
Lim, X. J., Radzol, A. R., Cheah, J.-H., & Wong, M. W. (2017). The Impact of Social Media Influencers on Purchase Intention and the Mediation Effect of Customer Attitude. Asian Journal of Business Research, 7(2). doi:10.14707/ajbr.170035
Lisichkova, N., & Othman, Z. (2017). The Impact of Influencers on Online Purchase Intent. Retrieved from Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338107402_The_Impact_of_Influ encers_on_Online_Purchase_Intent
Lofft, Z. (2020). When Social Media Meet Influencer: How influencers spread misinformation and why we believe them. 11. doi:doi:https://doi.org/10.29173/hsi319
Lokithasan, K., Simon, S., Jasmin, N. Z., & Othman, N. A. (2019). Male And Female Social Media Influencers: The Impact Of Gender On Emerging Adults. International Journal of Modern Trends in Social Sciences, 2(9), 21-30. doi:10.35631/IJMTSS.29003
Lokhorst, A. (2009). Using commitment to improve environmental quality. Retrieved from Leiden University: https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/handle/1887/13998
Lu, D., Li, Q., & Liao, S. S. (2012). A graph-based action network framework to identify prestigious members through member's prestige evolution. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2011.12.003
Majid, U. (2018). Research Fundamentals: Study Design, Population, and Sample Size. Undergraduate Research in Natural and Clinical Sciences and Technology (URNCST) Journal. doi:10.26685/urncst.16
McCorquodale, S. (2019). How social media are shaping our digital future. Great Britain: Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. Retrieved from https://books.google.com.my/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Ey2qDwAAQBAJ&oi=fn d&pg=PP1&dq=social+media+influencers&ots=J7tH5RY1xr&sig=PNOZlRY1 JwOTuFQVHX147yHmmHQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2010). Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry. Virginia : Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.
Mete, R., Shield, A., Murray, K., Bacon, R., & Kellett, J. (2019). What is healthy eating? A qualitative exploration. Public Health Nutrition, 22(13), 2408- 2418.
Memon, M. A., Ting, H., Ramayah, T., Chuah, F., Cheah, J-H. (2017). A Review of the Methodological Misconceptions and Guidelines Related to the Application of Structural Equation Modeling: A Malaysian Scenario. Journal of Applied Structural Equation Modeling, 1(1), i-xiii.
Mills, A. J., Durepos, G., & Wiebe, E. (2010). Reasearch Framework. Encyclopedia of Case Study Research. doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412957397.n299
Nandagiri, V., & Philip, L. (2018). The impact of influencers from Instagram and YouTube on their followers. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education, 61-65. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323996049_The_impact_of_influe ncers_from_Instagram_and_YouTube_on_their_followers
Nour, M., Yeung, S. H., Partridge, S., & Allman-Farinelli, M. (2017). A Narrative Review of Social Media and Game-Based Nutrition Interventions Targeted at Young Adults. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.12.014
Paniagua, J., Korzynsk, P., & Mas-Tur, A. (2017). Crossing borders with social media: Online social networks and FDI. European Management Journal, 314-326. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2016.09.002
Pannucci, C. J., & Wilkins, E. G. (2010). Identifying and Avoiding Bias in Research. Plast Reconstr Surg, 126(2), 619-625. doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181de24bc
Papathomas, A., White, H. J., & Plateau, C. R. (2019). Young people, social media, and disordered eating. UK: Taylor & Francis Group .
Pollard, C. M., Pulker, C. E., Meng, X., Kerr, D. A., & Scott, J. A. (2016). Who Uses the Internet as a Source of Nutrition and Dietary Information? An Australian Population Perspective. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(8). doi:10.2196/jmir.4548
Preedy, V. R., & Watson, R. R. (2010). Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures. New York: Springer, New York, NY. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78665-0_5487
Qualman, E. (2012). Socialnomics: How Social Media Transforms the Way We Live and Do Business, 2nd Edition.
Radzi, C. W., Jenatabadi, H. S., Alanzi, A. R., M. I., Mamat, M. Z., & Abdullah, N. A. (2019). Analysis of Obesity among Malaysian University: A Combination Study with the Application of Bayesian Structural Equation Modelling and Pearson Correlation. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(3), 492. doi:10.3390/ijerph16030492
Roose, K. (2019, July 16). "Don’t Scoff at Influencers. They’re Taking Over the World,”. Retrieved from New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/16/technology/vidconsocial-media- influencers.html
Sanusi, G. A. (2020). Factors Influencing the Factors to use Malaysian Dietary Guidelines Among University Students. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting, 28(2), 517-543. Retrieved from https://journals.iium.edu.my/enmjournal/index.php/enmj/article/view/798
Sachdev, S. B., & Verma, H. (2004). Relative Importance Of Service Quality Dimensions: A Multisectoral Study. Retrieved fromhttps://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/RELATIVE-IMPORTANCE-OF- SERVICE-QUALITY-DIMENSIONS%3A-Sachdev-Verma/b9a62fdb45ef1288cde2525a903076d9c42090c9
Sekhon, T., Bickart, B., Trudel, R., & Fournier, S. (2016). Being a likeable braggart: How consumers use brand mentions for self-presentation on social media. Consumer Psychology in a Social Media World, 23-39. Retrieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2016-02008-002
Serman, Z., & Sims, J. (2020). How Social Media Influencers Affect Consumers Purchase Habits? UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings 2020, 10. Retrieved from https://aisel.aisnet.org/ukais2020/10
Sugathan, S., & Bagh, D. S. (n.d.). Prevalence and Correlates of Overweight and Obesity among Medical Students in Ipoh, Malaysia. Academic Medical Journal of India, 2(1). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260795338_Volume_II_-Issue_1_Prevalence_and_Correlates_of_Overweight_and_Obesity_among_M edical_Students_in_Ipoh_Malaysia
Sidani, J. E., Shensa, A., Hoffman, B., Hanmer, J., & Primack, B. A. (2016). The Association between Social Media Use and Eating Concerns among US Young Adults. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietatics, 116(9), 1465-1472. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2016.03.021
Singh, K. D., & Onahring, B. D. (2019). Entrepreneurial intention, job satisfaction and organisation commitment - construct of a research model through literature review. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1). doi:10.1186/s40497-018-0134-2
Sogari, G., Velez-Argumedo, C., Gómez, M. I., & Mora, C. (2018). College Students and Eating Habits: A Study Using An Ecological Model for Healthy Behavior. Nutrients, 10(12). doi:10.3390/nu10121823
Swindle, T. M., Ward, W. L., & Whiteside-Mansell, L. (2018). Facebook: The Use of Social Media to Engage Parents in a Preschool Obesity Prevention Curriculum. J Nutr Educ Behav., 50(1), 4-10. doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2017.05.344
Talaue, G. M., AlSaad, A., AlRushaidan, N., AlHugail, A., & AlFahhad, S. (2018). THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC. International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT), 8(4). doi:10.5121/ijait.2018.8503
Taber, K. S. (2018). The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Research Sci Edu, 48, 1273– 1296. doi:10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Turner, P. G., & Lefevre, C. E. (2017). Instagram use is linked to increased symptoms of orthorexia. Eat Weight Disord, 277-284. doi:10.1007/s40519- 017-0364-2
Voramontri, D., & Klieb, L. (2019). Impact of social media on consumer behaviour. Int. J. Information and Decision Sciences, 11(3), 210-232. doi:doi.org/10.1504/IJIDS.2019.101994
Wagner, T. F., Baccarella, C. V., & Voigt, K.-I. (2017). Framing social media communication: Investigating the effects of brand post appeals on user interaction. European Management Journal, 1-11. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2017.05.002
Wayles, K. (2020). Instagram and Eating Disorders: An Empirical Study of the Effects of Instagram on Disordered Eating Habits Among Young Girls. Theses and Dissertations. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3595
Xiang, Y. W. (2020, July 27). Malaysia Ranks 2nd In Asia For Cyberbullying Among Youth. Retrieved from Says News: https://says.com/my/news/malaysia- ranks-2nd-in-asia-for-cyberbullying-among-children
Yuan, S., & Lou, C. (2020). How Social Media Influencers Foster Relationships with Followers: The Roles of Source Credibility and Fairness in Parasocial Relationship and Product Interest. Journal Of Interactive Advertising, 20(2), 133–147. doi:doi.org/10.1080/15252019.2020.1769514
Zak, S., & Hasprova, M. (2020). The role of influencers in the consumer decision- making process. Globalization and its Socio-Economic Consequences.
Published
2021-10-10
How to Cite
Ahmad, S. and Bruno, D. E. (2021) “Social Media Influencers and The Dietary Choices Among University Students”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(10), pp. 543 - 557. doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v6i10.1125.
Issue
Section
Articles
_[eISSN___2504-8562]_-_Google_Scholar_-_Google_Chrome_30_11_2023_8_56_06_AM.png)
.png)
