Is The Covid-19 Vaccine Halal? Revisiting The Role of National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) and JAKIM
Keywords:
halal pharmaceutical, vaccination, Covid-19 pandemic, National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency, JAKIM
Abstract
The urge to be vaccinated has increased rapidly during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Resorting vaccine products is seen as the only way to break the chain of COVID-19 spread and eventually stop the pandemic. To this dire need, many consumers face the dilemma to be vaccinated or to opt-out of the vaccination program when the safety issues of vaccine products are widely circulated. The Muslim consumers, particularly, experiences double worry on the issue of safety and halal status of the vaccine product. Due to the emergency call to have the vaccine in the market as soon as possible, the innovation and production were carried out in an expedited manner, and the necessity to have the vaccine be certified as halal was bypass. When the news on the vaccine product uses non-halal ingredients reaches the Muslim community in Malaysia, they were taken aback and demanded immediate answers from the authorities. Thus, in addressing this issue, this study intends to critically analyse the role of NPRA and JAKIM in ensuring the safety and halal status of a product with the aim of suggesting a review of the existing role. This article adopts a qualitative research methodology where interviews will be the supporting method to a library-based and doctrinal study.
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References
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Al Baqarah, 2:173.
Al-Anͨam, 6 : 119.
Aznan Hasan. (2012). Shariah Principles in Halal Products., Shariah Law Reports(ShLR).
Baig, A. A. (2009). Drinking Intoxicating Liquor or Alcohol: The Shariah Punishment and with Reference to the of Kartika Sari Dewi Shukarno. Shariah Law Report, 1-10
Baran, T. (2020). A literature review and classification of the studies on“halal”in Islamic businessjournals (2010-2018). Journal of Islamic Marketing.
Bernama. (2021). FT Mufti: Covid-19 Vaccine Permissible for Muslims. New Straits Times. Retrieved from https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/02/665673/ft-mufti-covid-19-vaccine-permissible-muslims.
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Department of Standards Malaysia. (2012). MS 2424: Halal Pharmaceuticals - General guidelines. Malaysian Standard, 2424, 20.
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H. Ahmad & Borham J. (2010). Programme Development of a Degree in Halal Administration: Experience in Curriculum Design in Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. Retrieved on 11 April 2011) from umpir.ump.edu.my/1192/1/FINAL_PAPER_ICERI2010.
H. Zainuddin Hamidy et al. (2002). al-Imam al-Bukhari, Sahih Bukhari Singapore: Darel Fajr Publishing House.
H.M Hasballah Thaib. (2004). Kapita Selekta Hukum Islam. Medan, Pustaka Bangsa Press.
Halal Food Council of Europe (HFCE) (2017). Frequently asked questions. 2017. http://www.hfce.eu/index.html.
Halal Malaysia Portal. ( 2013). Malaysia Negara Pertama Menganugerah Pensijilan Halal Berdasarkan Standard Farmaseutikal Halal Terulung di Dunia. Retrieved on Februari 2, 2013 from http://halal.gov.my/ v3
Halal Media Admin. (2011). Malaysia introduces New Halal Pharmaceuticals Standard. Retrieved on August 8, 2011 from http://halalmedia.my/malaysia
Harmy Mohd Yusoff et al. (2011). Fikah Perubatan. Selangor: PTS Millenia Sdn. Bhd.
House of Publishers Sdn. Bhd.
Ikhwan Ideris. (2010). Ubat Gelatin Babi Ditarik Balik. Kosmo Online. www.kosmo.com.my
Islamic Food and Nutrition Council of America (IFANCA) (2017). Frequently asked questions. http://www.ifanca.org/Pages/Index.aspx.
ISO/IEC Guide 65
Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). (2014). Manual Procedure for Malaysia Halal Certification (Third Revision) 2014. Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (Jakim), 67. http://www.halal.gov.my/v4/images/pdf/MPPHM2014BI.pdf
Jabatan Mufti Kerajaan (2007). Fatwa Mufti Kerajaan: Isu-Isu Produk Halal. Selangor: Al-Hidayah
Jamaludin, M. A. & Ramli, S. N. H. (2021). Covid-19 pandemic: Preservation of Life in Tandem with Shariah Compliances Regarding Covid-19 Vaccines. J Halal Ind Serv., 4(1): a0000201. https://doi.org/10.36877/jhis.a0000201
Jeff Diamant. (2019). The countries with the 10 largest Christian populations and the 10 largest Muslim populations. Retrieved May 29, 2021, from https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/04/01/the-countries-with-the-10-largest-christian-populations-and-the-10-largest-muslim-populations/
Johan Fischer. (2005). Feeding Secularism: Consuming Halal Among the Malays in London Diaspora. Journal of Transnational Studies, 4(2/3), 275-297
Johan Fischer. (2008). Proper Islamic Consumption, Shopping among the Malays in Modern Malaysia, NIAS Press.
Johan Fischer. (2008). Proper Islamic Consumption, Shopping among the Malays in Modern Malaysia. Denmark: Nia Press
Legal Dictionary. Retrieved on September 16, 2012 from www.legal-dictionary.the freedictionary.com/phamaceuticals
Leonard Ariff Abdul Shattar. (2011). The Perspective and Requirement of the Halal Pharmaceuticals Logistic Providers’ from the Industry Point of View. Halal Logistic Seminar, Kuala Lumpur
Macmillan Dictionary. Retrieved on September 20, 2012 from www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/americaphamaceutical
Make Malaysia as a Bench Mark. Retrieved on August 24, 2007 from http://www.HalalJournal.com.doc. page=article&act=show
Mansour Z. Al-Mutairi. (1997). Necessity in Islamic Law. (Ph.D thesis, University of Edinburgh, UK.
Mayer Brown. (2009). Product Market Definition in the Pharmaceutical Sector: The effect of a Recent Focus on Generics. Martindale. Retrieved on 3 October 2012, Lexis-Nexis via UiTM online subscription
Medical Glossary. Retrieved on September 16, 2012 from www.medicalglossary.org/chemicals_and_drugs-pharmaceutical-preparation-definition.html
Merriam- Webster Dictionary. Retrieved on September 16, 2012 from http:www/merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pharmaceutical.
Mian N. Riaz & Joe. M. Regenstein. (2011). Nutritional supplements for Halal and Kosher Consumers: Religious based Dietary Laws impact ingredient options for supplement manufacturers. Retrieved August 8, 2011 http://findarticles.com
Mian N. Riaz and Muhammad M Chaudry. (2004). Halal Food Production. USA:CRC Press.
Mian N. Riaz et al. (2003). Halal Food Production. Taylor & Francis.
Micheal Keene. (1999). This is- Islam New Revised Edition. UK: Stanley Thornes. Retrieved on July 20, 2011 http://www.books.google.com
Ministry of Health (MOH). (2019). Drug Registration Guidance Document (DRGD) National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Division. National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Division, Second edi, 113–133. https://www.npra.gov.my/
Mohd Amri Abdullah. (2011). Saintis Muslim Bertanggungjawab Bangunkan Sumber Halal Kapsul Gelatin. Berita Harian
Mohd Cholil Nafis. (2020). The Concept Of Halal And Thayyib And Its Implementation In Indonesia. Journal of Halal Product and Research, 2(1).
News Press release. (2021). Global Halal Market Analysis 2021 with Top Countries Data Industry Price Trend, Size Estimation, Industry Outlook, Business Growth, Report Latest Research, Business Analysis and Forecast Analysis Research | With Covid 19 Analysis” https://www.ktvn.com/story/43330930/global-halal-market-analysis-2021-with-top-countries-data-industry-price-trend-size-estimation-industry-outlook-business-growth-report-latest
Niche Position an Industry Advantage for Halal Industry. (2011). CCM Press Release. Retrieved on January 3, 2013 from www.ccmberhad.com/about_ccm/halal
Nik Maheran Nik Muhammad, Filzah Md Isa, Bidin Chee Kifli. (2009). Positioning as Halal-Hub: Intergration Role of Supply Chain Strategy and Halal Assurance System. Asian Social Science Journal, 5(7).
Noraine Hamzah (2010). Pemantauan dan Penguatkuasaan Halal di Malaysia. PhD thesis.UKM.
Norazlina Abdul Aziz. (2007). The Compliance of Biotechnological Product to the Halal Requirement. Paper presented at the 4th ASLI Conference organized by ASLI and Universitas of Indonesia, Jakarta.
Noreen Noor Abd Aziz, Nurul Eien Abd Aziz, Nurul Ashyikin Abd Aziz, Zurina Omar, Wan Haslin Azizh Wan Hassan. (2015). A Review on the Emergence and Growth of Halal Studies. Procedia Economics & Finance, 31, 325-332.
Nurulhuda Noordin, Nor laila Md Noor, Mardziah Hashim, Zainal Samicho. (2009). Value Chain of Halal Certification System: A Case of the Malaysia Halal Industry. Paper presented at the European Mediterranean Conference on Information Systems organized by Brunel University and Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey
Pazim Othman, Irfan Sungkar, Wan Sabri Wan Hussin. (2009). Malaysia as an Independent Halal Food hub: Competitiveness and Potential of Meat- based Industries. ASEAN Economic Bulletin, volume 26
Rokshana Shirin Asa & Ida Madieha Abdul Ghani Azmi. (2018). The Concept Of Halal And Halal Food Certification Process In Malaysia: Issues And Concerns. Malaysian Journal Of Consumer And Family Economics, 38-51.
Rosly Othman, Suhaiza Hanim Mohamad Zailani, & Zainal Ariffin Ahmad. (2007) Production of Halal Food: Practices of Muslim Small Enterprises in Malaysia. Social Sciences Conference Retrieved June 1, 2011 http://i08.cgpublisher.com
Saim Kayadibi (2010). Istihsan: The Doctrine of Juristic Preference in Islamic Law. Kuala Lumpur: Islamic Book trust.
Shaykh Mufti Muhammad ibn Adam. (2011). Using Unlawful (haram) Medication,” Shariah Program Articles Library, Leichester, UK http://www.shariahprogram.ca/eat-halal-foods (accessed on 20 July 2011);
Sijil Halal Bertaraf Global. (2003). Utusan Malaysia, p. 10
Sue Penny. (2006). Islam. Sue penny books.goggle.com
Suhaiza Zailani,Zainal Ariffin, Nabsiah Abd Wahid, Rosly Othman and Yudi Fernando. (July, 2010). Halal Traceability and Tracking Systems in Strenghtening Halal Food Supply Chain for Food Industry in Malaysia: A Review. Journal of Food Technology, 8(3).
Syekh ͨAbd Shukur Rahimy Maͨmur Dawud (2003). Terjemahan Hadith Sahih Muslim, Jilid I,II,III,IV. Singapore:Darel Fajr Publishing House.
The Launching of the First Halal Pharmaceutical Standard in the World. Bernama 1 October, 2012 Retrieved on January 1, 2013 from www.bernama.com.my
The New Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th Edition. Retrieved on September 16, 2012 from www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/pharmaceutical
The Webster Dictionary, 7th edition. Retrieved on September 20, 2012 from www.websterdictionary.com
World Population Review. (2021). Muslim Population By Country 2021. Retrieved on May 29, 2021 from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/muslim-population-by-country www.e-fatwa.gov.my/fatwa-kebangsaan/gelatin-dalam-ubat
Yasmin Hanani. (2010). Necessity (darura) in Islamic Law: A Study with special reference to Harm Reduction Programme in Malaysia. Ph.D thesis, University of Exeter, UK.
Yusuf Al Qardawi. (2001). The lawful and the Prohibited in Islam. Egypt: Al Falah Printing and Publication.
Yusuf al-Qaradawi (2009). The Lawful and the...., 41; Securities Commission Malaysia, Islamic Commercial Law (Fiqh al-Muͨamalat). Selangor: LexisNexis Malaysia Sdn Bhd.
Zaina, C. R. C. M., Rahmanb, S. A., Ishanc, Z. M., & Azizd, S. A. (2015). Jurisdiction and Prosecution of Halal Related Matters in Malaysia: Challenges and Prospects. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 294–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.367
Zainaba C. P Veeravu. (2010). Peranan Jakim dalam Pengesahan Produk Halal dan Kepentingannya kepada Pengguna Islam. Phd Thesis.UKM.
Published
2021-10-10
How to Cite
Abdul Aziz, N., Sulaiman, S. S., Roslan, M. A. and Ku Yusof, K. M. A. A. (2021) “Is The Covid-19 Vaccine Halal? Revisiting The Role of National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) and JAKIM”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 6(10), pp. 413 - 428. doi: 10.47405/mjssh.v6i10.1084.
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